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Greek Slavery
Deborah Kamen
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R766
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Ancient Greece is generally recognized as one of only a handful of
“slave societies” in world history, with slavery playing an
important role in all aspects of Greek culture. Unsurprisingly,
then, scholarship on Greek slavery has proliferated in the past
forty or so years, making a holistic synthesis of such work
especially desirable. This book offers a state-of-the-art guide to
research on this subject, surveying recent scholarly trends and
controversies and suggesting future directions for research. Topics
include the representation of slaves in Greek art and literature;
slavery and the economy; slaves and the law; the treatment of
slaves; slavery and sexuality; the manumission of slaves; slave
resistance and revolt; and ancient justifications and criticisms of
slavery. Readers, including those interested in slavery of other
time periods, will find this book an essential resource in learning
about key issues in Greek slavery studies or in pursuing their own
research.
Ancient Greek literature, Athenian civic ideology, and modern
classical scholarship have all worked together to reinforce the
idea that there were three neatly defined status groups in
classical Athens--citizens, slaves, and resident foreigners. But
this book--the first comprehensive account of status in ancient
democratic Athens--clearly lays out the evidence for a much broader
and more complex spectrum of statuses, one that has important
implications for understanding Greek social and cultural history.
By revealing a social and legal reality otherwise masked by
Athenian ideology, Deborah Kamen illuminates the complexity of
Athenian social structure, uncovers tensions between democratic
ideology and practice, and contributes to larger questions about
the relationship between citizenship and democracy. Each chapter is
devoted to one of ten distinct status groups in classical Athens
(451/0-323 BCE): chattel slaves, privileged chattel slaves,
conditionally freed slaves, resident foreigners (metics),
privileged metics, bastards, disenfranchised citizens, naturalized
citizens, female citizens, and male citizens. Examining a wide
range of literary, epigraphic, and legal evidence, as well as
factors not generally considered together, such as property
ownership, corporal inviolability, and religious rights, the book
demonstrates the important legal and social distinctions that were
drawn between various groups of individuals in Athens. At the same
time, it reveals that the boundaries between these groups were less
fixed and more permeable than Athenians themselves acknowledged.
The book concludes by trying to explain why ancient Greek
literature maintains the fiction of three status groups despite a
far more complex reality.
Ancient Greek literature, Athenian civic ideology, and modern
classical scholarship have all worked together to reinforce the
idea that there were three neatly defined status groups in
classical Athens--citizens, slaves, and resident foreigners. But
this book--the first comprehensive account of status in ancient
democratic Athens--clearly lays out the evidence for a much broader
and more complex spectrum of statuses, one that has important
implications for understanding Greek social and cultural history.
By revealing a social and legal reality otherwise masked by
Athenian ideology, Deborah Kamen illuminates the complexity of
Athenian social structure, uncovers tensions between democratic
ideology and practice, and contributes to larger questions about
the relationship between citizenship and democracy.
Each chapter is devoted to one of ten distinct status groups in
classical Athens (451/0-323 BCE): chattel slaves, privileged
chattel slaves, conditionally freed slaves, resident foreigners
(metics), privileged metics, bastards, disenfranchised citizens,
naturalized citizens, female citizens, and male citizens. Examining
a wide range of literary, epigraphic, and legal evidence, as well
as factors not generally considered together, such as property
ownership, corporal inviolability, and religious rights, the book
demonstrates the important legal and social distinctions that were
drawn between various groups of individuals in Athens. At the same
time, it reveals that the boundaries between these groups were less
fixed and more permeable than Athenians themselves acknowledged.
The book concludes by trying to explain why ancient Greek
literature maintains the fiction of three status groups despite a
far more complex reality.
Scholarly investigations of the rich field of verbal and
extraverbal Athenian insults have typically been undertaken
piecemeal. Deborah Kamen provides an overview of this vast terrain
and synthesizes the rules, content, functions, and consequences of
insulting fellow Athenians. The result is the first volume to map
out the full spectrum of insults, from obscene banter at festivals,
to invective in the courtroom, to slander and even hubristic
assaults on another's honor. While the classical city celebrated
the democratic equality of "autochthonous" citizens, it counted a
large population of noncitizens as inhabitants, so that ancient
Athenians developed a preoccupation with negotiating, affirming,
and restricting citizenship. Kamen raises key questions about what
it meant to be a citizen in democratic Athens and demonstrates how
insults were deployed to police the boundaries of acceptable
behavior. In doing so, she illuminates surprising differences
between antiquity and today and sheds light on the ways a
democratic society valuing "free speech" can nonetheless curb
language considered damaging to the community as a whole.
Slavery and sexuality in the ancient world are well researched on
their own, yet rarely have they been examined together. This volume
is the first to explore the range of roles that sex played in the
lives of enslaved people in antiquity beyond prostitution, bringing
together scholars of both Greece and Rome to consider important and
complex issues. Chapters address a wealth of art, literature, and
drama to analyze a wide range of issues, including gendered power
dynamics, sexual violence in slave revolts, same-sex relations
between free and enslaved people, and the agency of assault
victims. Slavery and Sexuality in Classical Antiquity reveals the
often hidden and contradictory attitudes concerning the sexual
identities and expression of enslaved people. These individuals
were typically objectified by both social convention and legal
description but were also recognized as human subjects, with
subjectivity and sexual desires of their own. The contributors
provoke valuable and fascinating questions that not only recognize
the trauma and struggles of enslaved people but also point to the
apparent inconsistencies in the mindsets of the enslavers. The
resulting volume expands our understanding of both sexuality and
slavery in ancient Greece and Rome, as separate subjects and as
they impacted each other.
Scholarly investigations of the rich field of verbal and
extraverbal Athenian insults have typically been undertaken
piecemeal. Deborah Kamen provides an overview of this vast terrain
and synthesizes the rules, content, functions, and consequences of
insulting fellow Athenians. The result is the first volume to map
out the full spectrum of insults, from obscene banter at festivals,
to invective in the courtroom, to slander and even hubristic
assaults on another's honor. While the classical city celebrated
the democratic equality of "autochthonous" citizens, it counted a
large population of noncitizens as inhabitants, so that ancient
Athenians developed a preoccupation with negotiating, affirming,
and restricting citizenship. Kamen raises key questions about what
it meant to be a citizen in democratic Athens and demonstrates how
insults were deployed to police the boundaries of acceptable
behavior. In doing so, she illuminates surprising differences
between antiquity and today and sheds light on the ways a
democratic society valuing "free speech" can nonetheless curb
language considered damaging to the community as a whole.
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