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Prominin-1 or otherwise known as CD133 is a glycoprotein that is
present in humans and mice. Since the first description of prominin
in 1997, in mouse neuroepithelial cells and in human hematopoietic
stem cells as AC133 antigen, this molecule has aroused a large
interest especially, as a stem cell marker, that gave rise to an
ever growing body of publications and more recently its expression
in cancer stem cells. Controversies as to its role as a cancer stem
and its detection in different models, as well as its use as a
prognostic marker have emerged. Yet, beyond its use as a stem cell
and cancer stem cell marker, prominin-1/CD133 displays unique
biological features and appears of importance in other processes
like for example in retinal biogenesis. Indeed, this
five-transmembrane plasma membrane glycoprotein, which marks
membrane protrusions is associated with several essential processes
like cell polarity, asymmetric cell division and membrane
remodeling. We propose to review current knowledge about this
intriguing molecule and present pertinent information to determine
the biological role of prominins and assess their importance in
medicine and cancer research. The primary audience for this book is
geared towards scientists and researchers with interest in cancer
stem cells, stem cells, cell biology, neurobiology, and
regenerative medicine.
Prominin-1 or otherwise known as CD133 is a glycoprotein that is
present in humans and mice. Since the first description of prominin
in 1997, in mouse neuroepithelial cells and in human hematopoietic
stem cells as AC133 antigen, this molecule has aroused a large
interest especially, as a stem cell marker, that gave rise to an
ever growing body of publications and more recently its expression
in cancer stem cells. Controversies as to its role as a cancer stem
and its detection in different models, as well as its use as a
prognostic marker have emerged. Yet, beyond its use as a stem cell
and cancer stem cell marker, prominin-1/CD133 displays unique
biological features and appears of importance in other processes
like for example in retinal biogenesis. Indeed, this
five-transmembrane plasma membrane glycoprotein, which marks
membrane protrusions is associated with several essential processes
like cell polarity, asymmetric cell division and membrane
remodeling. We propose to review current knowledge about this
intriguing molecule and present pertinent information to determine
the biological role of prominins and assess their importance in
medicine and cancer research. The primary audience for this book is
geared towards scientists and researchers with interest in cancer
stem cells, stem cells, cell biology, neurobiology, and
regenerative medicine.
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