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This volume examines (1) the philosophical sources of the Kantian
concepts "apperception" and "self-consciousness", (2) the
historical development of the theories of apperception and
deduction of categories within the pre-critical period, (3) the
structure and content of A- as well as B-deduction of categories,
and finally (4) the Kantian (and non-Kantian) meaning of
"apperception" and "self-consciousness".
In Apperception and Self-Consciousness in Kant and German Idealism,
Dennis Schulting examines the themes of reflexivity,
self-consciousness, representation and apperception in the
philosophy of Immanuel Kant and German Idealism more widely.
Central to Schulting’s argument is the claim that all human
experience is inherently self-referential and that this is part of
a self-reflexivity of thought, or what is called transcendental
apperception, a Kantian insight that was first apparent in the work
of Christian Wolff and came to inform all of German Idealism. In
this rigorous text, Schulting establishes the historical roots of
Kant’s thought and traces it through to his immediate successors,
Karl Leonhard Reinhold, Johann Gottlieb Fichte and Georg Wilhelm
Friedrich Hegel. He specifically examines the cognitive role of
selfconsciousness and its relation to idealism and situates it in a
clear and coherent history of rationalist philosophy.
Including over 500 specially commissioned entries from a team of
leading international scholars, this is an essential reference to
Kant's thought, writings and continuing influence. Immanuel Kant is
widely considered to be the most important and influential thinker
of modern Europe and the late Enlightenment. His philosophy is
extraordinarily wide-ranging and his influence has been pervasive
throughout eighteenth, nineteenth and twentieth-century thought, in
particular in the work of the German Idealists, and also in both
Analytic and Continental philosophy today. This comprehensive and
accessible companion to Kant's life and context, philosophical
concerns, major works and enduring influence features over 500
specially commissioned entries, written by a team of leading
experts in the field, covering every aspect of his philosophy. "The
Companion" presents a comprehensive overview of historical and
philosophical context in which Kant wrote and the various features,
themes and topics apparent in his thought. It also includes
synopses of all his major published works and a survey of the key
lines of reception and influence. It concludes with a thoroughly
comprehensive bibliography of primary and secondary sources. This
is an essential reference tool for anyone working in the field of
eighteenth-century German philosophy. "The Continuum Companions"
series is a major series of single volume companions to key
research fields in the humanities aimed at postgraduate students,
scholars and libraries. Each companion offers a comprehensive
reference resource giving an overview of key topics, research
areas, new directions and a manageable guide to beginning or
developing research in the field. A distinctive feature of the
series is that each companion provides practical guidance on
advanced study and research in the field, including research
methods and subject-specific resources.
This book offers an array of important perspectives on Kant and
nonconceptualism from some of the leading scholars in current Kant
studies. As well as discussing the various arguments surrounding
Kantian nonconceptualism, the book provides broad insight into the
theory of perception, philosophy of mind, philosophy of
mathematics, epistemology, and aesthetics. His idealism aside,
Kantian nonconceptualism is the most topical contemporary issue in
Kant's theoretical philosophy. In this collection of specially
commissioned essays, major players in the current debate, including
Robert Hanna and Lucy Allais, engage with each other and with the
broader literature in the field addressing all the important
aspects of Kantian nonconceptualism. Among other topics, the
authors analyse the notion of intuition and the conditions of its
generation, Kant's theory of space, including his pre-Critical view
of space, the relation between nonconceptualism and the
Transcendental Deduction, and various challenges to both
conceptualist and nonconceptualist interpretations of Kant. Two
further chapters explore a prominent Hegelian conceptualist reading
of Kant and Kant's nonconceptualist position in the Third Critique.
The volume also contains a helpful survey of the recent literature
on Kant and nonconceptual content. Kantian Nonconceptualism
provides a comprehensive overview of recent perspectives on Kant
and nonconceptual content, and will be a key resource for Kant
scholars and philosophers interested in the topic of
nonconceptualism.
This key collection of essays sheds new light on long-debated
controversies surrounding Kant's doctrine of idealism and is the
first book in the English language that is exclusively dedicated to
the subject. Well-known Kantians Karl Ameriks and Manfred Baum
present their considered views on this most topical aspect of
Kant's thought. Several essays by acclaimed Kant scholars broach a
vastly neglected problem in discussions of Kant's idealism, namely
the relation between his conception of logic and idealism: The
standard view that Kant's logic and idealism are wholly separable
comes under scrutiny in these essays. A further set of articles
addresses multiple facets of the notorious notion of the thing in
itself, which continues to hold the attention of Kant scholars. The
volume also contains an extensive discussion of the often
overlooked chapter in the Critique of Pure Reason on the
Transcendental Ideal. Together, the essays provide a whole new
outlook on Kantian idealism. No one with a serious interest in
Kant's idealism can afford to ignore this important book.
The book addresses two main areas of Kant's theoretical philosophy:
the doctrine of transcendental idealism and various central aspects
of the arguments from the Metaphysical and Transcendental
Deductions, as well as the relation between the deduction argument
and idealism. Among the topics covered are the nature of objective
validity, the role and function of transcendental logic in relation
to general or formal logic, the possibility of contradictory
thoughts, the meaning of the Leitfaden at A79 and the unity of
cognition, the two-steps-in-one-proof interpretation and categorial
instantiation, categorial illusion, Strawson's transcendental
argument, the persistently perplexing question of the derivation of
the categories, and the relation between apperception, objectivity,
judgement, and idealism. With regard to idealism in particular, the
focus is on the metaphysical two-aspect interpretation and its
problems, on the merits and demerits of the controversial
phenomenalist reading of Kant's idealism, and on the topic of
subjectivism and epistemic humility. In all of the aforementioned
topics, the book presents wholly novel interpretations compared to
the standard or mainstream interpretations
In focusing on the systematic deduction of the categories from a
principle, Schulting takes up anew the controversial project of the
eminent German Kant scholar Klaus Reich, whose monograph "The
Completeness of Kant's Table of Judgments" made the case that the
logical functions of judgement can all be derived from the
objective unity of apperception and can be shown to link up with
one another systematically. Common opinion among Kantians today has
it that Kant did not mean to derive the functions of judgement, and
accordingly the categories, from the principle of apperception.
Schulting challenges this standard view and aims to resuscitate the
main motivation behind Reich's project. He argues, in agreement
with Reich's main thesis about the derivability of the functions of
judgement, that Kant indeed does mean to derive, in full a priori
fashion, the categories from the principle of apperception.
Schulting also shows that, given the general assumptions of the
Critical philosophy, Kant's derivation is successful and that
absent an account of the derivation of the categories from
apperception, the B-Deduction cannot really be understood. New
edition. First published 2012 as "Kant's Deduction and
Apperception. Explaining the Categories" (Palgrave Macmillan)
In focusing on the systematic deduction of the categories from a
principle, Schulting takes up anew the controversial project of the
eminent German Kant scholar Klaus Reich, whose monograph "The
Completeness of Kant's Table of Judgments" made the case that the
logical functions of judgement can all be derived from the
objective unity of apperception and can be shown to link up with
one another systematically. Common opinion among Kantians today has
it that Kant did not mean to derive the functions of judgement, and
accordingly the categories, from the principle of apperception.
Schulting challenges this standard view and aims to resuscitate the
main motivation behind Reich's project. He argues, in agreement
with Reich's main thesis about the derivability of the functions of
judgement, that Kant indeed does mean to derive, in full a priori
fashion, the categories from the principle of apperception.
Schulting also shows that, given the general assumptions of the
Critical philosophy, Kant's derivation is successful and that
absent an account of the derivation of the categories from
apperception, the B-Deduction cannot really be understood. New
edition. First published 2012 as "Kant's Deduction and
Apperception. Explaining the Categories" (Palgrave Macmillan)
In this book, Dennis Schulting presents a staunch defence of Kant's
radical subjectivism about the possibility of knowledge. This
defence is mounted by means of a comprehensive analysis of what is
arguably the centrepiece of Kant's Critique of Pure Reason, namely,
the Transcendental Deduction of the Categories. Radical
subjectivism about the possibility of knowledge is to be understood
as the thesis that the possibility of knowledge of objects
essentially and wholly depends on subjective functions of thought,
or the capacity to judge by virtue of transcendental apperception,
given sensory input. Subjectivism thus defined is not about merely
the necessary conditions of knowledge, but nor is it claimed that
it grounds the very existence of things. Novel interpretations are
provided of such central themes as the objective unity of
apperception, the threefold synthesis, judgement, truth and
objective validity, spontaneity in judgement, figurative synthesis
and spatial unity, nonconceptual content, idealism and the thing in
itself, and material synthesis. One chapter is dedicated to the
interpretation of the Deduction by Kant's most prominent successor,
G.W.F. Hegel, and throughout Schulting critically engages with the
work of contemporary readers of Kant such as Lucy Allais, Robert
Hanna, John McDowell, Robert Pippin, and James Van Cleve.
This key collection of essays sheds new light on long-debated
controversies surrounding Kant's doctrine of idealism and is the
first book in the English language that is exclusively dedicated to
the subject. Well-known Kantians Karl Ameriks and Manfred Baum
present their considered views on this most topical aspect of
Kant's thought. Several essays by acclaimed Kant scholars broach a
vastly neglected problem in discussions of Kant's idealism, namely
the relation between his conception of logic and idealism: The
standard view that Kant's logic and idealism are wholly separable
comes under scrutiny in these essays. A further set of articles
addresses multiple facets of the notorious notion of the thing in
itself, which continues to hold the attention of Kant scholars. The
volume also contains an extensive discussion of the often
overlooked chapter in the Critique of Pure Reason on the
Transcendental Ideal. Together, the essays provide a whole new
outlook on Kantian idealism. No one with a serious interest in
Kant's idealism can afford to ignore this important book.
The book addresses two main areas of Kant's theoretical philosophy:
the doctrine of transcendental idealism and various central aspects
of the arguments from the Metaphysical and Transcendental
Deductions, as well as the relation between the deduction argument
and idealism. Among the topics covered are the nature of objective
validity, the role and function of transcendental logic in relation
to general or formal logic, the possibility of contradictory
thoughts, the meaning of the Leitfaden at A79 and the unity of
cognition, the two-steps-in-one-proof interpretation and categorial
instantiation, categorial illusion, Strawson's transcendental
argument, the persistently perplexing question of the derivation of
the categories, and the relation between apperception, objectivity,
judgement, and idealism. With regard to idealism in particular, the
focus is on the metaphysical two-aspect interpretation and its
problems, on the merits and demerits of the controversial
phenomenalist reading of Kant's idealism, and on the topic of
subjectivism and epistemic humility. In all of the aforementioned
topics, the book presents wholly novel interpretations compared to
the standard or mainstream interpretations
This book offers an array of important perspectives on Kant and
nonconceptualism from some of the leading scholars in current Kant
studies. As well as discussing the various arguments surrounding
Kantian nonconceptualism, the book provides broad insight into the
theory of perception, philosophy of mind, philosophy of
mathematics, epistemology, and aesthetics. His idealism aside,
Kantian nonconceptualism is the most topical contemporary issue in
Kant's theoretical philosophy. In this collection of specially
commissioned essays, major players in the current debate, including
Robert Hanna and Lucy Allais, engage with each other and with the
broader literature in the field addressing all the important
aspects of Kantian nonconceptualism. Among other topics, the
authors analyse the notion of intuition and the conditions of its
generation, Kant's theory of space, including his pre-Critical view
of space, the relation between nonconceptualism and the
Transcendental Deduction, and various challenges to both
conceptualist and nonconceptualist interpretations of Kant. Two
further chapters explore a prominent Hegelian conceptualist reading
of Kant and Kant's nonconceptualist position in the Third Critique.
The volume also contains a helpful survey of the recent literature
on Kant and nonconceptual content. Kantian Nonconceptualism
provides a comprehensive overview of recent perspectives on Kant
and nonconceptual content, and will be a key resource for Kant
scholars and philosophers interested in the topic of
nonconceptualism.
In Apperception and Self-Consciousness in Kant and German Idealism,
Dennis Schulting examines the themes of reflexivity,
self-consciousness, representation and apperception in the
philosophy of Immanuel Kant and German Idealism more widely.
Central to Schulting’s argument is the claim that all human
experience is inherently self-referential and that this is part of
a self-reflexivity of thought, or what is called transcendental
apperception, a Kantian insight that was first apparent in the work
of Christian Wolff and came to inform all of German Idealism. In
this rigorous text, Schulting establishes the historical roots of
Kant’s thought and traces it through to his immediate successors,
Karl Leonhard Reinhold, Johann Gottlieb Fichte and Georg Wilhelm
Friedrich Hegel. He specifically examines the cognitive role of
selfconsciousness and its relation to idealism and situates it in a
clear and coherent history of rationalist philosophy.
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