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A host of astrophysical measurements suggest that most of the
matter in the Universe is an invisible, nonluminous substance that
physicists call "dark matter." Understanding the nature of dark
matter is one of the greatest challenges of modern physics and is
of paramount importance to our theories of cosmology and particle
physics. This text explores one of the leading hypotheses to
explain dark matter: that it consists of ultralight bosons forming
an oscillating field that feebly interacts with light and matter.
Many new experiments have emerged over the last decade to test this
hypothesis, involving state-of-the-art microwave cavities,
precision nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements, dark
matter "radios," and synchronized global networks of atomic clocks,
magnetometers, and interferometers. The editors have gathered
leading experts from around the world to present the theories
motivating these searches, evidence about dark matter from
astrophysics, and the diverse experimental techniques employed in
searches for ultralight bosonic dark matter. The text provides a
comprehensive and accessible introduction to this blossoming field
of research for advanced undergraduates, beginning graduate
students, or anyone new to the field, with tutorials and solved
problems in every chapter. The multifaceted nature of the research
- combining ideas and methods from atomic, molecular, and optical
physics, nuclear physics, condensed matter physics, electrical
engineering, particle physics, astrophysics, and cosmology - makes
this introductory approach attractive for beginning researchers as
well as members of the broader scientific community. This is an
open access book.
A host of astrophysical measurements suggest that most of the
matter in the Universe is an invisible, nonluminous substance that
physicists call "dark matter." Understanding the nature of dark
matter is one of the greatest challenges of modern physics and is
of paramount importance to our theories of cosmology and particle
physics. This text explores one of the leading hypotheses to
explain dark matter: that it consists of ultralight bosons forming
an oscillating field that feebly interacts with light and matter.
Many new experiments have emerged over the last decade to test this
hypothesis, involving state-of-the-art microwave cavities,
precision nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements, dark
matter "radios," and synchronized global networks of atomic clocks,
magnetometers, and interferometers. The editors have gathered
leading experts from around the world to present the theories
motivating these searches, evidence about dark matter from
astrophysics, and the diverse experimental techniques employed in
searches for ultralight bosonic dark matter. The text provides a
comprehensive and accessible introduction to this blossoming field
of research for advanced undergraduates, beginning graduate
students, or anyone new to the field, with tutorials and solved
problems in every chapter. The multifaceted nature of the research
- combining ideas and methods from atomic, molecular, and optical
physics, nuclear physics, condensed matter physics, electrical
engineering, particle physics, astrophysics, and cosmology - makes
this introductory approach attractive for beginning researchers as
well as members of the broader scientific community. This is an
open access book.
Featuring chapters written by leading experts in magnetometry, this
book provides comprehensive coverage of the principles, technology
and diverse applications of optical magnetometry, from testing
fundamental laws of nature to detecting biomagnetic fields and
medical diagnostics. Readers will find a wealth of technical
information, from antirelaxation-coating techniques,
microfabrication and magnetic shielding to geomagnetic-field
measurements, space magnetometry, detection of biomagnetic fields,
detection of NMR and MRI signals and rotation sensing. The book
includes an original survey of the history of optical magnetometry
and a chapter on the commercial use of these technologies. The book
is supported by extensive online material, containing historical
overviews, derivations, sideline discussion, additional plots and
tables, available at www.cambridge.org/9781107010352. As well as
introducing graduate students to this field, the book is also a
useful reference for researchers in atomic physics.
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