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Case studies of women exercising religious authority in Shi?i Islam
from the classical period to the present Islamic religious
authority is conventionally understood to be an exclusively male
purview. Yet when dissected into its various manifestations leading
prayer, preaching, issuing fatwas, transmitting hadith, judging in
court, teaching law, theology, and other Islamic sciences and,
generally shaping the Islamic scholarly tradition nuances emerge
that hint at the presence of women in the performance of some of
these functions. This collection of case studies, covering the
period from classical Islam to the present, and taken from across
the Shi?i Islamic world, reflects on the roles that women have
played in exercising religious authority across time and space.
Comparative reflection on the case studies allows for the
formulation of hypotheses regarding the conditions and developments
whether theological, jurisprudential, social, economic or political
that enhanced or stifled the flourishing of female religious
authority in Shi?i Islam.
The first encyclopedia of Islamic political thought from the birth
of Islam to today, this comprehensive, authoritative, and
accessible reference provides the context needed for understanding
contemporary politics in the Islamic world and beyond. With more
than 400 alphabetically arranged entries written by an
international team of specialists, the volume focuses on the
origins and evolution of Islamic political ideas and related
subjects, covering central terms, concepts, personalities,
movements, places, and schools of thought across Islamic history.
Fifteen major entries provide a synthetic treatment of key topics,
such as Muhammad, jihad, authority, gender, culture, minorities,
fundamentalism, and pluralism. Incorporating the latest
scholarship, this is an indispensable resource for students,
researchers, journalists, and anyone else seeking an informed
perspective on the complex intersection of Islam and politics. *
Includes more than 400 concise, alphabetically arranged entries *
Features 15 in-depth entries on key topics * Covers topics such as:
* Central themes and sources of Islamic political thought: caliph,
modernity, knowledge, shari'a, government, revival and reform *
Modern concepts, institutions, movements, and parties: civil
society, Islamization, secularism, veil, Muslim Brotherhood *
Islamic law and traditional Islamic societies: justice, taxation,
fatwa, dissent, governance, piety and asceticism, trade and
commerce * Sects, schools, regions, and dynasties: Mu'tazilis,
Shi'ism, Quraysh, Mecca and Medina, Baghdad, Indonesia, Nigeria,
Central Asia, Ottomans * Thinkers, personalities, and statesmen:
Mawardi, Shafi'I, Saladin, Tamerlane, Akbar, Ataturk, Nasser,
Khomeini * Contains seven historical and contemporary maps of
Muslim empires, postcolonial nation-states, populations, and
settlements * Guides readers to further research through
bibliographies, cross-references, and an index
This book covers significant themes explaining the practice of
Islamic law. The first essay treats taqiyyah (literally,
"caution"), the concealment of one's religion when to reveal it
would incur danger, which is based on a Koranic passage. The author
provides not only a legal and religious analysis of taqiyyah, but
also, through the detailed examination of a prominent
sixteenth-century Shiite scholar and cleric, reveals a complex
pattern of behavior that allows Twelver Shi'is and other sectarian
groups to reduce the risks entailed by participation in societies
dominated by a Sunni majority. The second essay inquires into norms
for physical and sexual contacts between individuals, even husbands
and wives, defining rights to look, to touch, and even to mutilate.
The third essay evaluates the Ottoman records of local fines. This
report on legal regulations and their execution as well as on
practices of law and tradition in villages of Northern Palestine
creates a colorful picture of life in the sixteenth century.
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