As a consequence of various rounds of EU enlargements, the degree of cultural diversity in Europe has intensified - a phenomenon which is increasingly perceived as problematic by many EU citizens. This fascinating book not only empirically explores the current state of the identity and the legitimacy of the EU as viewed by its citizens, but also evaluates their attitudes towards it. The expert contributors show that the development of a European identity and a common European culture is a prerequisite for European integration; that European identity and a common political culture will not develop rapidly but emerge slowly, and that the beginnings of a European identity and a common European culture are currently emerging. The roles of civil society organizations and political parties are examined within this context, and an explanatory model with subjective predictors of the attitudes towards the EU is tested. The empirical analysis is underpinned by a theoretical framework incorporating operational definitions and conceptual discussion of legitimacy and identity. This intriguing and thought-provoking book will be of great interest to academics, researchers and students focusing on political science and international relations.

A detailed new examination of the initiatives governments are exploring to reform the institutions and procedures of liberal democracy in order to provide more opportunities for political participation and inclusion. Combining theory and empirical case studies, this is a systematic evaluation of the most visible and explicit efforts to engineer political participation via institutional reforms. Part I discusses the phenomenon of participatory engineering from a conceptual standpoint, while parts II, III and IV take a comparative, as well as an empirical, perspective. The contributors to these sections analyze participatory institutions on the basis of empirical models of democracy such as direct democracy, civil society and responsive government and analyze the impact of these models on political behaviour. Part V includes exploratory regional case studies on specific reform initiatives that present descriptive accounts of the policies and politics of these reforms. Delivering a detailed assessment of democratic reform, this book will of strong interest to students and researchers of political theory, democracy and comparative politics.

What is the relationship between democracy and political culture in countries undergoing major systemic change? Have subjective political orientations of citizens been important in shaping the development of democracy in central and eastern Europe after the fall of communism?
These core questions are tackled by an impressive range of twenty political scientists, sixteen of which are based in the central and eastern European countries covered in this essential new book. Their analyses draw on a unique set of data collected and processed by the contributors to this volume within the framework of the World Values Survey project. This data enables these authors to establish similarities and differences in support of democracy between a large number of countries with different cultural and structural conditions as well as historical legacies.
The macro-level findings of the book tend to support the proposition that support of democracy declines the further east one goes. In contrast, micro-level relationships have been found to be astonishingly similar. For example, support of democracy is always positively related to higher levels of education no matter where an individual citizen happens to live. This new book builds a clear understanding of what makes democracies strong and resistant to autocratic temptation.

Flann O'Brien: Acting out is the first full-length study to comprehensively address the themes of performance, masking and illusion in the author's fiction, columns, correspondence and scripts. These essays reveal, for the first time, the fullness of O'Brien's literary engagements with diverse theatrical movements (melodrama, revivalism, tableaux vivant, Grand Guignol, modernist anti-theatre) and playwrights (Shakespeare, Goethe, Boucicault, Synge, Yeats, Gregory, Pirandello, Brecht, Beckett, Čapek). Often considered a lonely pioneer of the Irish novel, the author is here resituated both among a troupe of mid-century playwrights, producers and performers (mac Liammoír, Edwards, Saroyan, Montgomery, Sheridan, MacNamara, O'Dea) and in front of discrete local audiences (at The Irish Times, the Abbey, the Gate, Radio Éireann, Telefís Éireann). A new picture of O'Brien emerges as a performative and collaborative writer, firmly imbedded in the cultural networks and institutions of his time and place. Flann O'Brien: Acting out draws unprecedented attention to the author's critically neglected writing for stage and screen (Thirst, Faustus Kelly, Rhapsody in Stephen's Green, An Sgian, The Handsome Carvers, Mairéad Gillan, The Dead Spit of Kelly). These scripts are here reevaluated against their historical contexts and through their thematics of war, nationalism, gender, nonhuman bodies and posthuman identity. At the same time, innovative readings of the role of masking and mimicry in the fiction and columns (At Swim-Two-Birds, The Third Policeman, 'John Duffy's Brother', 'The Martyr's Crown', Cruiskeen Lawn) shed new critical light on O'Brien's pseudonyms, his theories of literary performance, his modulation of comic and tragic tone, and his shifting place in Irish modernism.

Democracies have developed a sense of crisis regarding levels of civic engagement and their own legitimacy, prompting government initiatives to reform the institutions and procedures of liberal democracy to provide more opportunities for political participation and bring citizens back in.
"Participatory Democracy and Political Participation" provides the first systematic evaluation of most visible and explicit efforts to engineer political participation via institutional reforms. Policies of democratic reform aim to increase the level of political participation by implementing institutions of participatory democracy. Such policies are debated in established democracies as means to counter downward trends in political participation. However, there is little empirical evidence whether this approach is able to actually increase or sustain political engagement without compromising other values of modern government.
- This new volume investigates this topical issue by integrating three different research approaches:
- Theoretical analyses that aim to bridge the gap between the normative and the empirical level of participatory democracy.
- Comparative large case analyses that focus on the empirical link between participatory institutions and political behavior.
Case studies on the structure, the politics and the behavioral effects of concrete reform initiatives within various established European democracies. The leading contributors analyze participatory institutions on the basis of empirical models of democracy such as direct democracy, civil society and responsive government and analyze the impact of these models on political behavior in general.
Providing adetailed assessment of democratic reform, this book will be of strong interest to students and researchers of political theory, democracy and comparative politics.

What is the relationship between democracy and political culture in countries undergoing major systemic change? Have subjective political orientations of citizens been important in shaping the development of democracy in central and eastern Europe after the fall of communism? These core questions are tackled by an impressive range of twenty political scientists, sixteen of which are based in the central and eastern European countries covered in this essential new book. Their analyses draw on a unique set of data collected and processed by the contributors to this volume within the framework of the World Values Survey project. This data enables these authors to establish similarities and differences in support of democracy between a large number of countries with different cultural and structural conditions as well as historical legacies. The macro-level findings of the book tend to support the proposition that support of democracy declines the further east one goes. In contrast, micro-level relationships have been found to be astonishingly similar. For example, support of democracy is always positively related to higher levels of education - no matter where an individual citizen happens to live. This new book builds a clear understanding of what makes democracies strong and resistant to autocratic temptation.

Dieser Band versammelt Beitrage internationaler Autoren uber die etablierten westlichen Demokratien und die neuen Demokratien Mittel- und Osteuropas. Im Vordergrund steht das Verhaltnis zwischen den Burgern und ihrer politischen Ordnung. Behandelt werden die politische Kultur und politische Werte, Wahlen und politischer Prozess, politische Partizipation und Interessenartikulation, politische Parteien und Politiken sowie politische Reprasentation und politische Leistungsfahigkeit demokratischer Systeme. Diese Festschrift zum 65. Geburtstag von Hans-Dieter Klingemann greift Fragestellungen und Themen auf, die zu den zentralen Forschungsfeldern und Interessengebieten des Jubilars gehoeren.

Gibt es eine Legitimitatskrise der politischen Systeme der westlichen Industriegesellschaften? Diese Frage bildete eine der wichtigsten Kontroversen der politischen Wissenschaft in der Mitte der 70er Jahre (siehe dazu: KIELMANSEGG, 1976). Den Anlass dazu gaben vor allem die Arbeiten von HABERMAS (1973) und OFFE (1972). Die theoretische Kontroverse uber die Legitimitatskrise ist inzwischen abgeebbt, ohne dass es zu einem Konsens bei der Beantwortung der Frage gekommen ware. Trotz dieser Ungeklartheit und inzwischen angesammel- ter empirischer Evidenzen, die eher gegen eine Legitimi- tatskrise sprechen, wird gegenwartig in dem unpraziseren Nachfolgebegriff der Staatsverdrossenheit zum Teil das als Faktum genommen, was Mitte der 70er Jahre zumindest kontrovers diskutiert worden war. In der Rede von der Staatsverdrossenheit bleibt die Hypothese einer Legitimi- tatskrise virulent. Die Hypothese einer Legitimitatskrise ist vor allem im Kontext gesellschaftskritischer Ansatze entstanden. Zeitlich fast parallel dazu wurde aus einer funktionalistischen Perspektive eine vergleichbare Diagnose der westlichen Industriegesellschaften gestellt. Diese wurde vor allem in den angelsachsischen Landern unter dem Titel einer Regier- barkeitskrise formuliert (CROZIER et al., 1975; KING, 1976; ROSE, 1979). Auch die Diskussion uber die Regierbarkeits- krise erfolgte primar auf theoretischer Grundlage. Aller- dings gab es zumindest ein empirisches Datum, auf das sich diese Krisenvariante stutzen konnte: In den Vereinigten Staaten war von 1958 bis 1980 eine starke und kontinu- ierliche Abnahme von politischem Vertrauen (political trust) zu verzeichnen.

This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ++++ The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to ensure edition identification: ++++ De Causis, In Quibus Judaei Legibus Mosaicis Et Institutis Propriis Adhuc Relinquendi Sunt Balthasar Tilesius, Dieter Fuchs

Attempts to approach the topic of drink and literature and the question of how far this is interconnected with the habits of the writers can be considered within the wider frame of what is called drinking studies. This is an interdisciplinary field which is a composite of numerous facets, the common denominator being the analysis of how drink has functioned and functions in the lives of individuals and communities, taking into consideration diverse contexts, perspectives and backgrounds connected with alcohol consumption (or abuse). Among numerous examinations within the field of drinking studies, the province of literary criticism offers interesting insights. Any critical debate in this respect inevitably focuses on two areas, the first one being the study of literature per se; the other encompasses the writers' lives and the extent to which their drinking affects their writing. Thus, the perspective can be critical, biographical, or both, reflecting what is often referred to as life-writing, or self-writing. In some instances, one might even risk calling it inspirational writing, and in these cases, one needs to debate the question of how alcohol as a source of inspiration - or 'booze as a muse' - is perceived.

It is generally believed that the relationship between citizens and the state in West European democracies has undergone a fundamental change in the last decades. Many observers regard this change as a challenge to representative democracy. This book addresses the problem from the citizen's perspective. Singling out the ten fundamental components of the view that representative democracy is under threat, the book goes on to test them empirically by drawing on the extraordinary data set supplied by the Beliefs in Government research project. The results are startling. They refute the idea that citizens in West European societies have withdrawn support from their democracies. But they show exactly how the relationship between citizen and state has really changed in recent years. Traditional forms of political expression have clearly declined but others have evolved in their place. Citizens have become more critical towards politicians and political parties and they are willing to use non-institutionalized forms of political action to pursue their goals and interests.