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This book covers methods of Mathematical Morphology to model and
simulate random sets and functions (scalar and multivariate). The
introduced models concern many physical situations in heterogeneous
media, where a probabilistic approach is required, like fracture
statistics of materials, scaling up of permeability in porous
media, electron microscopy images (including multispectral images),
rough surfaces, multi-component composites, biological tissues,
textures for image coding and synthesis. The common feature of
these random structures is their domain of definition in n
dimensions, requiring more general models than standard Stochastic
Processes.The main topics of the book cover an introduction to the
theory of random sets, random space tessellations, Boolean random
sets and functions, space-time random sets and functions (Dead
Leaves, Sequential Alternate models, Reaction-Diffusion),
prediction of effective properties of random media, and
probabilistic fracture theories.
This book covers methods of Mathematical Morphology to model and
simulate random sets and functions (scalar and multivariate). The
introduced models concern many physical situations in heterogeneous
media, where a probabilistic approach is required, like fracture
statistics of materials, scaling up of permeability in porous
media, electron microscopy images (including multispectral images),
rough surfaces, multi-component composites, biological tissues,
textures for image coding and synthesis. The common feature of
these random structures is their domain of definition in n
dimensions, requiring more general models than standard Stochastic
Processes.The main topics of the book cover an introduction to the
theory of random sets, random space tessellations, Boolean random
sets and functions, space-time random sets and functions (Dead
Leaves, Sequential Alternate models, Reaction-Diffusion),
prediction of effective properties of random media, and
probabilistic fracture theories.
This book reviews recent theoretical, computational and experimental developments in mechanics of random and multiscale solid materials. The aim is to provide tools for better understanding and prediction of the effects of stochastic (non-periodic) microstructures on materials' mesoscopic and macroscopic properties. Particular topics involve a review of experimental techniques for the microstructure description, a survey of key methods of probability theory applied to the description and representation of microstructures by random modes, static and dynamic elasticity and non-linear problems in random media via variational principles, stochastic wave propagation, Monte Carlo simulation of random continuous and discrete media, fracture statistics models, and computational micromechanics.
The main scope of this Cargese NATO Advanced Study Institute (June
5-17 2000) was to bring together a number of international experts,
covering a large spectrum of the various Physical Aspects of
Fracture. As a matter of fact, lecturers as well as participants
were coming from various scientific communities: mechanics,
physics, materials science, with the common objective of
progressing towards a multi-scale description of fracture. This
volume includes papers on most materials of practical interest:
from concrete to ceramics through metallic alloys, glasses,
polymers and composite materials. The classical fields of damage
and fracture mechanisms are addressed (critical and sub-critical
quasi-static crack propagation, stress corrosion, fatigue,
fatigue-corrosion . . . . as well as dynamic fracture). Brittle and
ductile fractures are considered and a balance has been carefully
kept between experiments, simulations and theoretical models, and
between the contributions of the various communities. New topics in
damage and fracture mechanics - the effect of disorder and
statistical aspects, dynamic fracture, friction and fracture of
interfaces - were also explored. This large overview on the
Physical Aspects of Fracture shows that the old barriers built
between the different scales will soon "fracture." It is no more
unrealistic to imagine that a crack initiated through a molecular
dynamics description could be propagated at the grain level thanks
to dislocation dynamics included in a crystal plasticity model,
itself implemented in a finite element code. Linking what happens
at the atomic scale to fracture of structures as large as a dam is
the new emerging challenge.
This volume contains papers of leading experts in the modern
continuum theory of composite materials. The papers expose in
detail the newest ideas, approaches, results and perspectives in
this broadly interdisciplinary field ranging from pure and applied
mathematics, mechanics, physics and materials science. The emphasis
is on mathematical modelling and model analysis of the mechanical
behaviour and strength of composites, including methods of
predicting effective macroscopic properties (dielectric, elastic,
nonlinear, inelastic, plastic and thermoplastic) from known
microstructures.
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