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The Bolsheviks' seizure of power in Russia in late 1917 was swiftly
followed by the establishment of the Cheka, the secret police of
the new Soviet state. The Cheka was central to the Bolsheviks'
elimination of political dissent during the Russian Civil War
(1917-22). In 1922 the Soviet state-security organs became the GPU
and then the OGPU (1923-34) before coalescing into the NKVD. After
it played a central role in the Great Terror (1936-38), which saw
the widespread repression of many different groups and the
imprisonment and execution of prominent figures, the NKVD had its
heyday during the Great Patriotic War (1941-45). During the
conflict the organization deployed full military divisions,
frontier troop units and internal security forces and ran the hated
GULAG forced-labour camp system. By 1946, the power of the NKVD was
so great that even Stalin saw it as a threat and it was broken up
into multiple organizations, notably the MVD and the MGB - the
forerunners of the KGB. In this book, the history and organization
of these feared organizations are assessed, accompanied by
photographs and colour artwork depicting their evolving appearance.
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