Helmet use can substantially reduce the risks associated with bicycle injuries, as these protective devices can prevent an array of serious facial injuries. A meta-analysis was carried out looking to summarise studies into the helmet use of adolescents and young adults, where the authors found a U-trend between age and helmet use, with the proportion of individuals regularly wearing a helmet declining first and then rising with reference to the progression of age. The increasing trend in young adults has been well-documented in the literature, but few studies have looked into helmet use among adolescents. In this book, produced in collaboration with the Bicycle Safety and Awareness Club in Ontario, Canada, the authors present survey studies conducted in independent schools in North America, looking into bicycle and helmet use of adolescents.

Parkinsons disease, first described by the English surgeon James Parkinson (1755-1824) in 1817 as shaking palsy, is a neurodegenerative disorder that manifests symptoms such as resting tremor, muscular rigidity, bradykinesia and postural instability. These motor disorders have been extensively researched resulting in improved diagnostic accuracy and the development of robust rating scales and treatment strategies for symptoms. The treatment options for Parkinsons disease are similar to those for Alzheimers disease, meaning that at this moment in time there does not exist a definitive cure that can reverse the progression of the disease. Young adults seem to be well aware of Alzheimers disease, but are they aware of Parkinsons disease? Both of these diseases will become increasingly more prevalent in our aging world and young adults need to be prepared to care for family members who are struck by one, or both, diseases. In this book we document the assessment of the knowledge of young adults with respect to Parkinsons disease across the globe.

Alzheimers disease will become more prevalent in the upcoming decades. With no cure on the horizon, it is important that close relatives and family members of affected patients become knowledgeable about the disease; they can be more conscientious caregivers and improve quality of life. Awareness and knowledge of the disease are especially important for the young adult population, as they will be heavily relied upon in the future to care for those with the disease. In this book, we present studies that looked into the awareness level of young adults by geographical location, age, sex, and familial ties to the disease.