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Ash is an important and yet understudied aspect of ritual
deposition in the archaeological record of North America. Ash has
been found in a wide variety of contexts across many regions and
often it is associated with rare or unusual objects or in contexts
that suggest its use in the transition or transformation of houses
and ritual features. Drawn from across the U.S. and Mesoamerica,
the chapters in this volume explore the use, meanings, and
cross-cultural patterns present in the use of ash. and highlight
the importance of ash in ritual closure, social memory, and
cultural transformation.
Beginning sometime in the thirteenth century, people from the Hopi
Mesas established a cluster of villages to the south along the
Little Colorado River, attracted by the river's resources and the
region's ideal conditions for growing cotton. By the late 1300s,
these Homol'ovi villages were the center of a robust trade in
cotton among many clusters of villages near or on the southern
Colorado Plateau and were involved in the beginning of katsina
religion. Charles Adams has directed fifteen years of research at
these sites for the Arizona State Museum, including excavations in
five of the seven primary Homol'ovi villages and in other villages
predating them. Through this research he concludes that the
founders of these settlements were Hopis who sought to protect
their territory from migrating groups elsewhere in the Pueblo
world. This book summarizes that research and broadens our
understanding of the relationship of Homol'ovi to ancient and
modern Hopi people. Each Homol'ovi village had a unique history of
establishment, growth, sociopolitical organization, length of
occupation, and abandonment; and although the villages shared much
in the way of material culture, their size and configuration were
tremendously varied. By comparing Homol'ovi research to information
from projects on other settlements in the area, Adams has been able
to reconstruct a provocative history of the Homol'ovi cluster that
includes relationships among the individual villages and their
relationships to nearby clusters. He shows that social organization
within villages is apparent by the number and variety of ritual
structures, while political organization among villages is
indicated by the need for cooperation to share water for irrigation
and by the exchange of such materials as pottery, obsidian, and
ground stone. Adams advances several important theories about why
Homol'ovi was founded where and when it was, who its founders were,
and the importance of cotton in making Homol'ovi an important
center of trade in the 1300s. He also considers why Pueblo
settlements suddenly became so large, addressing theoretical issues
pertaining to multiple settlements and the rise of enormous
villages containing more than 1,000 rooms. "Homol'ovi is a rich
work of synthesis and interpretation that will be important for
anyone with an interest in Southwest archaeology, Arizona history,
or Hopi culture.
Religion was as central in the day-to-day lives of prehistoric
southwestern people, just as it is in the lives of their
descendants today. Examining the role of religion can help to
explain architecture, pottery, agriculture, even commerce. But
archaeologists have only recently developed the theoretical and
methodological tools with which to study this topic. Religion in
the Prehispanic Southwest marks the first book-length study of
prehistoric religion in the region. Drawing on a rich array of
empirical approaches, the contributors show the importance of
understanding beliefs and ritual for a range of time periods and
southwestern societies. For professional and avocational
archaeologists, for religion scholars and students, Religion in the
Prehispanic Southwest represents an important contribution.
Religion was as central in the day-to-day lives of prehistoric
southwestern people, just as it is in the lives of their
descendants today. Examining the role of religion can help to
explain architecture, pottery, agriculture, even commerce. But
archaeologists have only recently developed the theoretical and
methodological tools with which to study this topic. Religion in
the Prehispanic Southwest marks the first book-length study of
prehistoric religion in the region. Drawing on a rich array of
empirical approaches, the contributors show the importance of
understanding beliefs and ritual for a range of time periods and
southwestern societies. For professional and avocational
archaeologists, for religion scholars and students, Religion in the
Prehispanic Southwest represents an important contribution.
Draws on research conducted at Petrified Forest and Homolovi Ruins
to explore such topics as modeling prehistoric agricultural
strategies and settlement, the relation between storage and the pit
house to pueblo transition, the use of adobe brick architecture,
the relationship of rock art with that of the San Juan River,
summaries of archaeobotanical and faunal analyses of excavated
sites, and definition of the chronology and phases of the Homol'ovi
area near Winslow.
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