This book demonstrates that liberalism is more deeply embedded in the structure of modern international political economic order than is usually realized, and that at present there is a contested process of the "globalization of liberalism." As well as exploring liberalism's usefulness for understanding how international relations work, this book offers several critical perspectives on the liberal structure of modern international society, and places international liberalism in a global context by examining responses to liberalism in China, India, and the Middle East.

This volume offers an accessible and wide-ranging introduction to the history of international political thought.

Taking as its starting-point the various concepts people have used to think about differences between political communities, the book explores changing perceptions of international politics from antiquity to the twentieth century. As well as discussing well-known themes such as relations between independent sovereign states and the tension between raison d'etat and a universal code of natural law, it also examines less familiar ideas which have influenced the development of international political thought such as the distinction between civilization, national culture and barbarism, religious attitudes towards infidels, and theories about racial difference and imperialism. Among the key thinkers covered are Thucydides, Machiavelli, Hobbes, Kant, Marx and Morgenthau, alongside less commonly studied figures such as Herodotus, Pope Innocent IV, Herder, Constant and Zimmern. Each chapter concludes with a guide to further reading which will help students to develop a more detailed understanding of the subject.

Written with the beginner student in mind, this lively textbook is an ideal introduction for anyone studying international political thought.

The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a dynamic, metabolically active fluid that occupies the subarachnoid space and the ventricular system around the brain, and has many important functions. CSF is a promising body fluid for the search of biomarkers associated with neurological disease, because the CSF has more physical contact with brain than any other fluids, biochemical changes related to many pathology may be reflected in the CSF. Although CSF is obtained by lumbar puncture, invasive and potentially painful for the patient, it is probably the most informative fluid in biomarkers discovery for neurological disease prognosis. This book discusses CSF biomarkers; novel developed biomarkers in neurological diseases; CSF biochemical markers of cerebral metabolism in dogs; and guidance for the selection and interpretation of laboratory tests.