|
Showing 1 - 2 of
2 matches in All Departments
F. H. Comhaire Many diseases were, at the beginning, merely defined
by the description of their clinical appearance. Next, the
pathogenic mechanisms underlying the diseases were recognized.
Since then, the proof of presence of the pathogenic agent or agents
has been required to confirm the diagnosis. However, it sometimes
happens that the pathogenic agent can be demonstrated without the
disease being clinically evident. Confusion arising from this
observation may cause endless, often purely emotional discussions
between "believers" and "non-believers." Moreover, if the disease
involves potential disturbance of male fertility, the problem is
further obscured by the difficulty of defining man's fertility.
Indeed, during the short history of andrology, the criteria for
judging a man and his ejaculate as potentially fertile or infertile
have repeatedly changed. Andrological "landmarks" in general do not
hold up for long, and some scientists continue to set themselves
the task of proving the "old" definitions invalid. Certainly, such
developments are necessary to make science more exact and to
improve medical care. However, while this research is being done,
the male partners of barren marriages continue to seek advice and
treatment. Common sense and an empirical approach in the handling
of these cases may result in obviously encouraging results, which
non-believers will ascribe to "witchcraft" and believers will see
as confirmation of their opinions.
It is not surprising that so much investigation has been undertaken
to establish the cause of childlessness, especially when the
potentia coeundi of the male is not impaired. As long ago as 1957
the German Society for the Study of Fertility and Sterility was
founded, embracing gynecology, andrology, and veterinary medicine.
After its inception, meetings conducted in the spirit of its
foundation were held every 2 years. This interdisciplinary,
coordinated scientific work in the field of human reproduction
achieved its value as a result of the stimuli provided by the
permanent involvement of veterinary scientists. After about 20
years of activity, the Society adopted a highly differentiated
pattern of work-directions in the field of human and veterinary
medicine. Since 1976 annual meetings have been held on the topic of
animal and human reproduction. These meetings have proved of great
value, especially in the area of comparative medicine, and have led
to excellent interdisciplinary associations. One of the most
evident successes was the first extracorporal fertilization in
humans with subsequent embryo transfer and full-term pregnancy.
Gynecologists have found that in 40% of cases the cause of
undesired childlessness rests with the male, and it is therefore no
surprise that also in the field of andrology certain factors
concerned with infertility have received great attention.
|
|