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The oil and gas industry's wide international exposure and
constantly changing landscape leave it particularly vulnerable to
disputes. As this practical book demonstrates, the risks associated
with disputes can be mitigated by parties utilising governing law
and dispute resolution clauses in contractual agreements within the
sector. Examining a global range of jurisdictions, the book offers
clear guidance on the most appropriate choice of law and choice of
dispute resolution forum for oil and gas contracts, analysing the
key issues and defining the legal contours involved. Key Features:
Insightful contributions from over 40 leading practitioners and
expert legal scholars Examination of domestic and international
case law, with analysis of the local laws of 24 jurisdictions
globally Consideration of the future of disputes in the oil and gas
industry by tracking the evolution and latest trends of the global
energy market Examination of the dispute resolution mechanisms used
to mitigate disputes, with a focus on international arbitration as
a forum for dispute resolution Discussions of a range of operations
in the oil and gas industry, including upstream, midstream and
downstream projects, and the various contracts that exist within
these Featuring a comparative and practice-oriented perspective,
this highly informative book will prove an essential resource for
practitioners advising parties concerning contractual agreements in
the oil and gas sector, as well as a valuable reference point for
scholars of energy law and arbitration.
This book investigates the role of law in enabling and addressing
the barriers to the development of off-grid renewable electricity
(OGRE). The limited development of OGRE is ascribed to a host of
social, economic, and legal barriers, including the problem of
initial capital costs, existing subsidies for conventional
electricity, and lack of technological and institutional capacity.
Through the analyses of selected case studies from Africa, Asia,
Europe and North and South America, this book discusses the typical
barriers to the development of OGRE from a global perspective and
examines the role of the law in addressing them. Drawing together
the lessons learnt from the case studies, this book offers robust
recommendations on how the development of OGRE will support the
goal of achieving universal access to low carbon, reliable, and
sustainable electricity globally. This volume will be of great
interest to students, scholars, policy makers, investors, and
practitioners in the fields of energy law and policy, climate
change, and renewable energy development.
Regulating Offshore Petroleum Resources makes a unique comparison
between the main regulatory characteristics of the Norwegian and
British models for petroleum exploration, production and supply.
Leading scholars explore the extent to which these models are
relevant for the design of regulatory models in countries with
significant existing petroleum resources. The applicability of
these regulatory models to countries with potential petroleum
resources is also assessed. Providing a profound understanding
behind the evolution of the British and Norwegian petroleum
regimes, this innovative book investigates why these countries
followed different paths and analyses the resultant outcomes. Key
features include examination of the historical evolution of
relevant petroleum regimes, lessons learnt, and an
interdisciplinary approach from a range of recognised experts. This
comprehensive book will be of great value to regulation and
environmental law scholars. Inspection of the ways in which these
models can be applied to other countries will also be of interest
to government officials and practitioners.
The Palgrave Handbook of Natural Gas and Global Energy
Transitions provides an in-depth and authoritative
examination of the transformative implications of the ongoing
global energy transitions for natural gas markets across the world.
With case studies from Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, Latin
America, South America, Australia, and the Middle East, the volume
introduces readers to the latest legal, policy,
technological, and fiscal innovations in natural gas markets in
response to ongoing global energy transitions. It outlines
the risk mitigation strategies and contractual techniques —
focusing on resilience planning, low-carbon business models, green
procurement, climate-smart infrastructure development,
accountability, gender justice, and other sustainability safeguards
— that are required to maximize the full value of natural gas
as a catalyst for a just and equitable energy transition and
for energy security across the world. Written in an accessible
style, this book outlines the guiding principles for
a responsible and low-carbon approach to the design,
financing, and implementation of natural gas development and
commercialization. It is an indispensable text and reference work
for students, scholars, practitioners, and stakeholders in
natural gas, energy, infrastructure, and environmental investments
and projects.
This book explores three particular strategies in the extractives
sector for creating shared wealth, increased labour opportunities
and positive social, environmental and economic outcomes from
corporate projects, namely: state wealth funds (SWF), local content
policies (LCP) and corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices.
Collectively, the chapters explore the associated experiences and
challenges in different parts of the world with the view to inform
equitable and sustainable development for the communities living
adjacent to extractives sites and the wider society and
environment. Examples of LCPs, SWFs and CSR practices from 12
jurisdictions with diverse experiences offer usefull insights. The
book illuminates challenges and opportunities for sustainable
development outcomes of the extractives sector. It reflects the
need to take on board the lessons of these global experiences in
order to improve outcomes for poverty reduction, inequality
reduction and sustainable development.
This book explores three particular strategies in the extractives
sector for creating shared wealth, increased labour opportunities
and positive social, environmental and economic outcomes from
corporate projects, namely: state wealth funds (SWF), local content
policies (LCP) and corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices.
Collectively, the chapters explore the associated experiences and
challenges in different parts of the world with the view to inform
equitable and sustainable development for the communities living
adjacent to extractives sites and the wider society and
environment. Examples of LCPs, SWFs and CSR practices from 12
jurisdictions with diverse experiences offer usefull insights. The
book illuminates challenges and opportunities for sustainable
development outcomes of the extractives sector. It reflects the
need to take on board the lessons of these global experiences in
order to improve outcomes for poverty reduction, inequality
reduction and sustainable development.
The Palgrave Handbook of Natural Gas and Global Energy Transitions
provides an in-depth and authoritative examination of the
transformative implications of the ongoing global energy
transitions for natural gas markets across the world. With case
studies from Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, Latin America,
South America, Australia, and the Middle East, the volume
introduces readers to the latest legal, policy, technological, and
fiscal innovations in natural gas markets in response to ongoing
global energy transitions. It outlines the risk mitigation
strategies and contractual techniques - focusing on resilience
planning, low-carbon business models, green procurement,
climate-smart infrastructure development, accountability, gender
justice, and other sustainability safeguards - that are required to
maximize the full value of natural gas as a catalyst for a just and
equitable energy transition and for energy security across the
world. Written in an accessible style, this book outlines the
guiding principles for a responsible and low-carbon approach to the
design, financing, and implementation of natural gas development
and commercialization. It is an indispensable text and reference
work for students, scholars, practitioners, and stakeholders in
natural gas, energy, infrastructure, and environmental investments
and projects.
The petroleum industry is highly specialised. Over the centuries,
it has developed many standard petroleum arrangements and contracts
that are not familiar to all across the industry - and even less to
the outside world. Each has its own detailed terms and provisions.
This new edition uniquely combines an encyclopaedia with commentary
on both midstream and downstream activities. The topics it covers
include energy policies; the relevant players in the sector - from
governmental authorities to national oil companies; gas storage;
the regulatory and contractual frameworks governing gas and sales
agreements; liquefied natural gas; pipelines; distribution
networks; and refineries. It has also been expanded with new
chapters covering topics such as: Shipping; Antitrust; Third-party
access; Taxation; and ESG. This approach enables all those involved
in the petroleum industry to master the necessary legal terms in
one publication. Chapters are written by leading experts from
across the globe to provide the best industry practices and
standards. The encyclopaedia will serve as a valuable tool for
lawyers, industry professionals, consultants and academics who are
interested in understanding the key legal terms and provisions of
the oil and gas industry.
The term "local content" refers to the value petroleum activities
bring to a country beyond the direct revenues from hydrocarbons.
Job creation, taxes and fees, and the infusion of talent and
education all contribute to local content. With the insight of
experts from around the world, this text explores the policies of
more than two dozen countries, each with its own approach. It also
discusses historical context and how countries could learn from the
best and the worst of local content development. Host countries
that remain assertive in local content policies also have a better
track record in tackling other associated problems. These include
economic and social issues as well as also the development of a
diverse and well-educated local work force. This text is a valuable
resource for legal counsels (in-house and external), governmental
authorities, business development managers, economists, NGOs, and
academics.
Historically, oil and gas upstream activities were largely open to
foreign investment. However, nationalisation in recent decades has
concentrated the vast majority of natural resources in the hands of
national oil companies (NOCs). Therefore, independent oil companies
(IOCs) are increasingly likely to deal with NOCs as a partner. The
joint operating agreement (JOA) was intended as a private document
that regulates relationships between private investors. Recent
developments under several local laws require the participation of
NOCs at some stage of the JOA. In addition, many NOCs are now
operating internationally, such as Statoil, Gazprom and CNPC. JOAs
will thus be affected, as public or semi-public entities are more
likely to be party to a document which was originally constructed
for private investors. This major work analyses the critical
concerns and challenges that IOCs and NOCs face in this new type of
consortium, and will ultimately suggest alternative solutions to
find common ground between these parties. The book is divided into
three chapters, which respectively deal with the supervision &
conduct of operations, the financial and accounting issues relating
to the consortium, and the other relevant provisions of the
agreement. Each chapter will include analysis from the perspectives
of four different types of company - large IOCs, large NOCs, young
IOCs and young NOCs. This approach will provide a detailed picture
of the JOA from the point of view of all players in the oil and gas
industry, from small to large companies and private to public
entities. This new edition, which is written by three relevant
experts in the industry, updates the previous content and addresses
new hot issues like compliance, conflict of interests, corporate
and social responsibility and price volatility. It serves as an
invaluable guide for IOCs, independents, NOCs, consultants, legal
advisers and consultants who need to understand the implications of
having an NOC as a party to a JOA.
Petroleum fiscal systems are arrangements for sharing the economic
value from petroleum extraction between the host nation and the
companies engaged in the extraction. In most countries, oil and gas
resources are under the control of the national Government. The
activities of exploiting the resources are undertaken by firms,
some of which are owned by the state. Petroleum resource management
therefore is an interaction of two key parties: The enterprises
which carry out operations of finding and extracting petroleum from
the ground, and the Government as custodian of the resources on
behalf of the host nation which ultimately owns them. The book
reviews the various instruments which may form the petroleum fiscal
system of a jurisdiction, with numerous examples from countries
having configured their systems very differently. It also reviews
fiscal valuation and control, related cross-border issues, and the
economic analysis and design of fiscal systems related to a variety
of development scenarios found in modern petroleum operations.
Features and Benefits Explain the fiscal and related instruments
applied in the upstream petroleum sector internationally: Royalty,
production sharing, bonuses, remuneration for service, privileged
state participation, corporate income tax, petroleum resource
taxes, and non-fiscal business obligations. Review common issues of
delineation and verification of petroleum fiscal parameters,
including transfer pricing issues. Analyze petroleum fiscal systems
in terms of value allocation, risk allocation and incentive
effects. Provide design considerations for setting up and
implementing the petroleum fiscal system in the context of national
petroleum policy and licensing of petroleum rights. Audience Oil
company executives, business developers, analysts, finance and tax
professionals Politicians and public servants Investors and
financial sector professionals Lawyers and other professional
service providers Managers and analysts of firms doing business
with the petroleum industry Academia and civil society whose work
may relate to petroleum fiscal systems Students of petroleum
economics and related disciplines
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