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The revealing of the phenomenon of superhydrophobicity (the
"lotus-effect") has stimulated an interest in wetting of real
(rough and chemically heterogeneous) surfaces. In spite of the fact
that wetting has been exposed to intensive research for more than
200 years, there still is a broad field open for theoretical and
experimental research, including recently revealed
superhydrophobic, superoleophobic and superhydrophilic surfaces,
so-called liquid marbles, wetting transitions, etc. This book
integrates all these aspects within a general framework of wetting
of real surfaces, where physical and chemical heterogeneity is
essential. Wetting of rough/heterogeneous surfaces is discussed
through the use of the variational approach developed recently by
the author. It allows natural and elegant grounding of main
equations describing wetting of solid surfaces, i.e. Young, Wenzel
and Cassie-Baxter equations. The problems of superhydrophobicity,
wetting transitions and contact angle hysteresis are discussed in
much detail, in view of novel models and new experimental data. The
second edition surveys the last achievements in the field of
wetting of real surfaces, including new chapters devoted to the
wetting of lubricated and gradient surfaces and reactive wetting,
which have seen the rapid progress in the last decade. Additional
reading, surveying the progress across the entire field of wetting
of real surfaces, is suggested to the reader. Contents What is
surface tension? Wetting of ideal surfaces Contact angle hysteresis
Dynamics of wetting Wetting of rough and chemically heterogeneous
surfaces: the Wenzel and Cassie Models Superhydrophobicity,
superhydrophilicity, and the rose petal effect Wetting transitions
on rough surfaces Electrowetting and wetting in the presence of
external fields Nonstick droplets Wetting of lubricated surfaces
Motivated by a plethora of phenomena from nature, this textbook
introduces into the physics of wetting of surfaces. After a brief
discussion of the foundations of surface tension, its
implementation for floating objects, capillary waves, bouncing
droplets, walking of water striders, etc. is discussed.
Furthermore, Marangoni flows, surface tension inspired
instabilities, condensation and evaporation of droplets, liquid
marbles, superhydrophobicity and superoleophobicity (lotus effect)
are introduced. All relevant concepts are illustrated by the
numerous qualitative and quantitative exercises. Contents What is
surface tension? Wetting of surfaces: the contact angle Surface
tension-assisted floating of heavy and light objects and walking of
water striders Capillary interactions between particles. Particles
placed on liquid surfaces. Elasticity of liquid surfaces, covered
by colloidal particles Capillary waves Oscillation of droplets
Marangoni flow and surface instabilities Evaporation of droplets.
The Kelvin and the coffee-stain effects Condensation, growth and
coalescence of droplets and the breath-figure self-assembly
Dynamics of wetting: bouncing, spreading and rolling of droplets
(water hammer effect - water entry and drag-out
problems)Superhydrophobicity and superoleophobicity: the Wenzel and
Cassie wetting regimes The Leidenfrost effect. Liquid marbles:
self-propulsion Physics, geometry, life and death of soap films and
bubbles
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