Discussing the evaluator's role in performance measurement, this volume focuses on ways to select, develop, and analyze tests. It reviews a variety of potential performance measures--including different types of tests, observations and extant data, and records--then guides the reader to determine which ones are more appropriate for the evaluation. If no existing test is suitable, step-by-step instructions on how to construct one that has scientific reliability and validity are given. The analysis and reporting of data gained from performance testing are also described. Current issues in performance testing are disclosed--including those related to legal challenges and test validity. Examples are drawn from a wide range of fields, including education, business, and social services.