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First published in 1978, Feminism and Socialism in China explores
the inter-relationship of feminism and socialism and the
contribution of each towards the redefinition of the role and
status of women in China. In her history of the women's movement in
China from the late nineteenth century onwards, Professor Croll
provides an opportunity to study its construction, its ideological
and structural development over a number of decades, and its often
ambiguous relationship with a parallel movement to establish
socialism. Based on a variety of material including eye witness
accounts, the author examines a wide range of fundamental issues,
including women's class and oppression, the relation of women's
solidarity groups to class organisations, reproduction and the
accommodation of domestic labour, women in the labour process, and
the relationship between women's participation in social production
and their access to and control of political and economic
resources. The book includes excerpts from studies of village and
communal life, documents of the women's movement and interviews
with members of the movement.
The relationships between humans and their natural surroundings is
paradoxical. They impose knowledge and action on the world around
them, yet at the same time subscribe to myths and beliefs which
portray them and their natural suroundings as inseparable, with
neither more powerful than the other. This paradox is explored in
the essays in Bush Base: Forest Farm, which uses an anthropological
perpective to direct new light on development and environmental
studies. The contributors, all anthropologists who have had
practical experience of development programmes, present case
studies drawn form Africa and Asia, and reflect upon their
theoretical implications. They reject the traditional sharp
dichotomies of human settelemnt and external natural environment -
farm of camp on the one hand, and forest or bush on the other - and
suggest instead that the people, their indigenous knowledge and
their forests or bush exist within each other. They argue that
although the concept of sustainable development takes greater
cognisance of the environment there is still a need to place at
their centre and appreciation of people's cosmologies and cultural
understandings.
First published in 1978, Feminism and Socialism in China explores
the inter-relationship of feminism and socialism and the
contribution of each towards the redefinition of the role and
status of women in China. In her history of the women's movement in
China from the late nineteenth century onwards, Professor Croll
provides an opportunity to study its construction, its ideological
and structural development over a number of decades, and its often
ambiguous relationship with a parallel movement to establish
socialism. Based on a variety of material including eye witness
accounts, the author examines a wide range of fundamental issues,
including women's class and oppression, the relation of women's
solidarity groups to class organisations, reproduction and the
accommodation of domestic labour, women in the labour process, and
the relationship between women's participation in social production
and their access to and control of political and economic
resources. The book includes excerpts from studies of village and
communal life, documents of the women's movement and interviews
with members of the movement.
The mesmerizing potential of 1.3 billion customers has long
constituted 'a magic market' for foreign entrepreneurs who once
again are queuing to take advantage of China's fast-growing economy
and rapidly changing society. Now, to counter a growing reliance on
the markets of the world for exports, China's government too has
turned to developing its own domestic markets by placing the
expansion of domestic demand high on the nation's agenda. This book
explores China's consumer revolution over the past three decades
and shows a continuing cycle leading to excess supply and
disappointing demand at the center of which lies exaggerated
expectations of China's new consumers.
Elisabeth Croll details the livelihoods and lifestyles of China's
new and evolving social categories who, divided by wealth, location
and generation, have both benefited from and been disadvantaged by
the past two decades of reform and rapid economic growth. Given
that consumption is about so much more than shopping and spending,
this bookfocuses on the perceptions, priorities and concerns of
China's new consumers which are an essential part of any
contemporary narrative about China's domestic market. Documenting
the social consequences of several decades of rapid economic growth
and the new interest in 'all-round' social development, "China's
New Consumers "will be of value to students, entrepreneurs and a
wide variety of readers who are interested in social trends and
concerns in China today.
The mesmerizing potential of 1.3 billion customers has long
constituted 'a magic market' for foreign entrepreneurs who once
again are queuing to take advantage of China's fast-growing economy
and rapidly changing society. Now, to counter a growing reliance on
the markets of the world for exports, China's government too has
turned to developing its own domestic markets by placing the
expansion of domestic demand high on the nation's agenda. This book
explores China's consumer revolution over the past three decades
and shows a continuing cycle leading to excess supply and
disappointing demand at the center of which lies exaggerated
expectations of China's new consumers.
Elisabeth Croll details the livelihoods and lifestyles of China's
new and evolving social categories who, divided by wealth, location
and generation, have both benefited from and been disadvantaged by
the past two decades of reform and rapid economic growth. Given
that consumption is about so much more than shopping and spending,
this bookfocuses on the perceptions, priorities and concerns of
China's new consumers which are an essential part of any
contemporary narrative about China's domestic market. Documenting
the social consequences of several decades of rapid economic growth
and the new interest in 'all-round' social development, "China's
New Consumers "will be of value to students, entrepreneurs and a
wide variety of readers who are interested in social trends and
concerns in China today.
This unique and groundbreaking book seeks to re-focus gender debate onto the issue of daughter discrimination - a phenomenon still hidden and unacknowledged across the world. It asks the controversial question of why millions of girls do not appear to be surviving to adulthood in contemporary Asia. In the first major study available of this emotive and sensitive issue, Elisabeth Croll investigates the extent of discrimination against female children in Asia and shifts the focus of attention firmly from son-preference to daughter-discrimination. This book brings together demographic data and anthropological field studies to reveal the multiple ways in which girls are disadvantaged, from excessive child mortality to the withholding of health care and education on the basis of gender. Focusing especially on China and India, the book reveals the surprising coincidence of increasing daughter discrimination with rising economic development, declining fertility and the generally improved status of women in East and South Asia. Essential reading for all those interested in gender in contemporary society. Case studies include: * China * Republic of Korea * Taiwan * Vietnam * India * Pakistan * Bangladesh
The increasing number of 'missing girls' in much of South and East Asia provides the disturbing focus this key title. It is unique in it's positive attention to daughter discrimination in these regions, as opposed to the large body of existing literature which analyses preference for sons. The complete story of these 'missing' daughters is assembled here for the first time from a range of material, most of it published elsewhere, assigning the book both originality and lasting value. Endangered Daughters draws from two main channels of research: a) demographic data looking at * sex ratio's at birth * excessive female infant and child mortality * other forms of girlhood disadvantage b) anthropological field studies articulating * gendered values attached to children * ideal family size * ideal family composition * gender roles within families Case studies include: * China * Republic of Korea * Taiwan * Vietnam * India * Pakistan * Bangladesh.
Much has been written on China's peasant revolution, less has been
written of the peasant experience of reform. Since 1979, when the
first major reforms were introduced into China's villages, there
have been many shifts and changes in the translation and practice
of reform policies. Consequently, many of the initial assumptions
and judgements made by observers, analysts and participants have
been modified over the years. It is not so much that the
implications of the reforms for lives, practices and policies have
become clearer, as that they have become increasingly paradoxical
and various. Elisabeth Croll examines the images, policies and
experiences of development, and links the peasants' experience of
revolution and reform with their conceptualizations of time and
change. She combines a study of the dreams of development as sets
of rhetorical lens - through which peasant populations perceive
collective family and individual experiences - with an analysis of
rural development policies and reforms at the centre of which lies
the peasant household. She also examines the new and recent desires
which motivate peasant households in China.
Elizabeth Croll's "From Heaven to Earth" examines the images,
policies and experiences of development in China, and more
specifically shows how the peasant experience of revolution and
reform has been greatly affected by their conceptualizations of
time and change. Beginning with the first major reforms introduced
into China's villages in 1979, numerous changes have been made in
the translation and practice of reform policies. These reforms have
in fact become so paradoxical and various, that analysts have had
to modify their initial judgments of these complex changes over the
years.
Croll takes a unique analytical approach to the subject of rural
development policy in China by examining this issue in the context
of peasant dreams of development--dreams which prove central to how
this population views their family and individual experience. Croll
also examines the desires which motivate peasant households in
China; the strenuous demands that current reforms have forced upon
peasant families; and the ways in which peasant households maximize
their resources in the face of reform and rural development.
In its examination of the peasant family and household, the
peasant individual and their relationship with the state, "From
Heaven to Earth" shows how the translation and implementation of
national policy is greatly dependent upon local knowledge and
power.
In the People's Republic of China the redefinition of the
procedures and symbols of marriage formed one of the main means by
which the State has attempted to create major changes in the
relations between the sexes, the generations and between domestic
and kin groups. In this detailed anthropological study, first
published in 1981, Dr Elisabeth Croll examines the changes which
have taken place with the institution of marriage between the early
1950s and the late 1970s. She observes the changes in the criteria
governing choice of spouse, negotiation procedures, the age of
marriage and its ritual and ceremonial forms. This book is based on
both documentary sources and research visits to the People's
Republic. As an anthropological approach to marriage it raises
broader conceptual questions on the relations of marriage to
kinship structures, and the interaction of economy and ideology in
processes of social change.
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