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This is the first book to provide a comprehensive treatment of
theories and applications in the rapidly expanding field of the
crystallography of modular materials. Molecules are the natural
modules from which molecular crystalline structures are built. Most
inorganic structures, however, are infinite arrays of atoms and
some kinds of surrogate modules, e.g. co-ordination polyhedra, are
usually used to describe them. In recent years the attention has
been focused on complex modules as the basis for a systematic
description of polytypes and homologous/polysomatic series (modular
structures). This representation is applied to the modelling of
unknown structures and understanding nanoscale defects and
intergrowths in materials. The Order/Disorder (OD) theory is
fundamental to developing a systematic theory of polytypism,
dealing with those structures based on both ordered and disordered
stacking of one or more layers. Twinning at both unit-cell and
micro-scale, together with disorder, causes many problems,
"demons", for computer-based methods of crystal structure
determination. This book develops the theory of twinning with the
inclusion of worked examples, converting the "demons" into useful
indicators for unravelling crystal structure. In spite of the
increasing use of the concepts of modular crystallography for
characterising, understanding and tailoring technological
crystalline materials, this is the first book to offer a unified
treatment of the results, which are spread across many different
journals and original papers published over the last twenty years.
A large range of symmetries in art is presented through clear and
aesthetically outstanding examples of historical ornaments.
Compendious comments illustrate the selected photographic material
by addressing the interested and specialist reader alike. Contents:
Introduction Fundamental categories The convenient start: Plane
groups of symmetry Intertwined patterns: Layer groups of symmetry
Two-colored periodic ornamentation Polychromatic patterns Beyond 2D
groups: Hypersymmetry, superstructures, two symmetries in one
pattern, the "order-disorder" patterns, homothety and similarity,
inversion and nonlinear patterns Quasiperiodic patterns Fractals
and fractal character Style and symmetry - symmetry and style
References Index
This is the first book to provide a comprehensive treatment of
theories and applications in the rapidly expanding field of the
crystallography of modular materials. Molecules are the natural
modules from which molecular crystalline structures are built. Most
inorganic structures, however, are infinite arrays of atoms and
some kinds of surrogate modules, e.g. co-ordination polyhedra, are
usually used to describe them. In recent years the attention has
been focused on complex modules as the basis for a systematic
description of polytypes and homologous/polysomatic series (modular
structures). This representation is applied to the modelling of
unknown structures and understanding nanoscale defects and
intergrowths in materials. The Order/Disorder (OD) theory is
fundamental to developing a systematic theory of polytypism,
dealing with those structures based on both ordered and disordered
stacking of one or more layers. Twinning at both unit-cell and
micro-scale, together with disorder, causes many problems,
"demons", for computer-based methods of crystal structure
determination. This book develops the theory of twinning with the
inclusion of worked examples, converting the "demons" into useful
indicators for unravelling crystal structure. In spite of the
increasing use of the concepts of modular crystallography for
characterising, understanding and tailoring technological
crystalline materials, this is the first book to offer a unified
treatment of the results, which are spread across many different
journals and original papers published over the last twenty years.
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