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This book aims to analyse the concept of altruism starting from
classical philosophy up to the systems of ideas of contemporaneity,
considering the approaches and authors of reference in an
interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary way. The representations of
altruism and egoism in contemporary society are constantly
changing, following the transformations of society itself. Having
abandoned the idea that the factors leading to altruism or egoism
lay only in human nature, we find them in people's conduct,
freedom, relationships, their associative forms and society. The
attention is thus turned to two elements of the daily life of
individuals: culture and social relations. The book tries,
therefore, through the meso-theories developed in recent decades,
which study the relationships between life-world and social system,
to describe the links between altruism, egoism, culture and social
relations. We will pay particular attention to the relationality of
individuals, in an attempt to overcome the dichotomy
altruism/egoism by reading some aspects little considered by
previous studies - or contemplated only indirectly or marginally.
The ultimate goal is to highlight how positive actions are
necessary for the contemporary society and how social sciences must
go back and study positive socio-cultural actions and phenomena,
not only negative, as a way to promote them for the well-being of
the society.
The concept of "gender" has recently become one of the symbols of
what many consider "a clash of civilizations" between the West and
Muslim countries. Recent events highlight how gender issues are
emblematic of the basic traits of a country's culture, and thus
constitute some of the elements allowing for the construction of
dividing lines between cultures, arbitrarily distinguishing between
the "evolved" and "backward" ones, therefore with the aim to
establish demarcation lines between "Us" and the "Others". The
existential condition of migration leads to formation of multiple
and diasporic identities, deterritorialized and reassembled at the
individual level. In this scenario the integration of migrants is
the result of a two-way process, in which rely significantlythe
social representations that migrants are being built on the
population and of the host society (before and after the arrival)
and intangible resources (cognitive and relational) experienced by
migrants. Gender studies usually employing a constructionist
perspective have seldom dealt with the issue of migration by
analysing the experiences of the migrants themselves. The few
studies have highlighted how migrants' gender and sexuality
underline the persistence of a model of domination and alteration
typical ofthe colonial era, emphasizing the social identity
allocation mechanisms used by Western societies that follow
essentialist visions of migrants' ethnic and sexual identity, that
is, of a social status considered as inferior and undesirable.
There are several theoretical and methodological challenges calling
for a perspective that takes into account the interconnection
between gender, sexuality and migration. Studies on sexuality have
now taken two roads, often strongly polarized and non-communicating
between them: on the one hand, also because of the spread of
sexually transmitted diseases, appeared a new generation of surveys
on sexual behaviour of Western (and others) populations and on the
changes in sexual behaviour along the main socio-economic and
cultural fractures. On the other, a research trend on sexuality
(New Sexuality Studies) has developed with mixed purposes, both
analytical and critical-emancipatory ones. This branch, which
focuses almost exclusively on the study of minority sexual
subcultures, portrayed sexuality mostly through the lens of power
and regarded with suspicion any attempt to develop a systematic and
methodologically documented analysis of sexuality.The book will
have repercussions on the progress of knowledge from a macro
dimension represented by the growth and the transformation of
migration flows across the Mediterranean to Europe to meso
dimension of social representations of gender and sexuality that
the migrant builds himself and the population of the host society;
finally, the micro dimension through the analysis of case studies.
From these problems, the book aims to initiate a transdisciplinary
reflection on such issues and sexuality, in part by reducing the
clear vacuum in scientific research taking shape as an experimental
laboratory of new research perspectives because we recognize,
critically, how the methods of the social sciences do not simply
reproduce the phenomena under study, but also contribute - a
greater or lesser degree - to their construction. And at the same
time making an issue of sex, sexuality and the multiple
identifications of gender of and in migration, involving migratory
experiences both on the side of leaving a country and on that of
arriving to another.
This book is an important contribution to narrative research and
highlights how narratives can produce social change. The author
demonstrates this through an analysis of concepts like future,
uncertainty and risk, both in terms of individual impact and as
collective forms of social life. The book reconstructs the
relationships between future, uncertainty and risk through everyday
how narratives exert power over individual and social life by
influencing individual or collective decisions and choices.
Narratives also change future prospects, thus producing social
change. Some of the examples the author draws out for discussion
are - in specific - the narration of the migration flows in the
Mediterranean Sea, and the narration of the pandemic emergency from
COVID-19. The result of different narratives has been the emergence
of new ideologies and of a complex series of dynamics in which the
local ends up becoming global and vice versa. Highly topical and
interdisciplinary in its approach, this book is of interest to
researchers and students of the sociology of culture and
communication, media and communication studies, social and cultural
psychology and cultural anthropology.
This book is an important contribution to narrative research and
highlights how narratives can produce social change. The author
demonstrates this through an analysis of concepts like future,
uncertainty and risk, both in terms of individual impact and as
collective forms of social life. The book reconstructs the
relationships between future, uncertainty and risk through everyday
how narratives exert power over individual and social life by
influencing individual or collective decisions and choices.
Narratives also change future prospects, thus producing social
change. Some of the examples the author draws out for
discussion are - in specific - the narration of the migration flows
in the Mediterranean Sea, and the narration of the pandemic
emergency from COVID-19. The result of different narratives has
been the emergence of new ideologies and of a complex series of
dynamics in which the local ends up becoming global and vice
versa. Highly topical and interdisciplinary in its approach,
this book is of interest to researchers and students of the
sociology of culture and communication, media and communication
studies, social and cultural psychology and cultural
anthropology.Â
Marking the 50th anniversary of Pitirim A. Sorokin's death, this
Brief offers a critical analysis of the renowned sociologist's
theories while highlighting some of his more overlooked ones.
Topics explored include cultural dynamics; the relationship between
culture, society, and personality; social mobility; and the
socio-cultural causality of time and space. In addition, this book
updates these theories by discussing their relevance in current
cultural contexts. The Brief aims to extend the work started by
Sorokin on the promotion and application of "integralism", an
approach that conceives the change of any sociocultural phenomena
as the result of the combination of external and internal forces.
It uses this method to analyse socio-cultural phenomena, propose
new policy, and enhance the development of humanity from the point
of view of culture. This book also discusses sociology's
relationship with other sciences. In particular, it touches upon
the interplay between sociology and psychology and pushes for a new
scientific awareness that is transdisciplinary. The end point is a
new vision of humanity and its development from a cultural context.
Social and Cultural Dynamics will be of interest to social
scientists, sociologists, and psychologists as well as
professionals in these disciplines.
This book aims to analyse the concept of altruism starting from
classical philosophy up to the systems of ideas of contemporaneity,
considering the approaches and authors of reference in an
interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary way. The representations of
altruism and egoism in contemporary society are constantly
changing, following the transformations of society itself. Having
abandoned the idea that the factors leading to altruism or egoism
lay only in human nature, we find them in people's conduct,
freedom, relationships, their associative forms and society. The
attention is thus turned to two elements of the daily life of
individuals: culture and social relations. The book tries,
therefore, through the meso-theories developed in recent decades,
which study the relationships between life-world and social system,
to describe the links between altruism, egoism, culture and social
relations. We will pay particular attention to the relationality of
individuals, in an attempt to overcome the dichotomy
altruism/egoism by reading some aspects little considered by
previous studies - or contemplated only indirectly or marginally.
The ultimate goal is to highlight how positive actions are
necessary for the contemporary society and how social sciences must
go back and study positive socio-cultural actions and phenomena,
not only negative, as a way to promote them for the well-being of
the society.
The concept of "gender" has recently become one of the symbols of
what many consider "a clash of civilizations" between the West and
Muslim countries. Recent events highlight how gender issues are
emblematic of the basic traits of a country's culture, and thus
constitute some of the elements allowing for the construction of
dividing lines between cultures, arbitrarily distinguishing between
the "evolved" and "backward" ones, therefore with the aim to
establish demarcation lines between "Us" and the "Others". The
existential condition of migration leads to formation of multiple
and diasporic identities, deterritorialized and reassembled at the
individual level. In this scenario the integration of migrants is
the result of a two-way process, in which rely significantlythe
social representations that migrants are being built on the
population and of the host society (before and after the arrival)
and intangible resources (cognitive and relational) experienced by
migrants. Gender studies usually employing a constructionist
perspective have seldom dealt with the issue of migration by
analysing the experiences of the migrants themselves. The few
studies have highlighted how migrants' gender and sexuality
underline the persistence of a model of domination and alteration
typical ofthe colonial era, emphasizing the social identity
allocation mechanisms used by Western societies that follow
essentialist visions of migrants' ethnic and sexual identity, that
is, of a social status considered as inferior and undesirable.
There are several theoretical and methodological challenges calling
for a perspective that takes into account the interconnection
between gender, sexuality and migration. Studies on sexuality have
now taken two roads, often strongly polarized and non-communicating
between them: on the one hand, also because of the spread of
sexually transmitted diseases, appeared a new generation of surveys
on sexual behaviour of Western (and others) populations and on the
changes in sexual behaviour along the main socio-economic and
cultural fractures. On the other, a research trend on sexuality
(New Sexuality Studies) has developed with mixed purposes, both
analytical and critical-emancipatory ones. This branch, which
focuses almost exclusively on the study of minority sexual
subcultures, portrayed sexuality mostly through the lens of power
and regarded with suspicion any attempt to develop a systematic and
methodologically documented analysis of sexuality.The book will
have repercussions on the progress of knowledge from a macro
dimension represented by the growth and the transformation of
migration flows across the Mediterranean to Europe to meso
dimension of social representations of gender and sexuality that
the migrant builds himself and the population of the host society;
finally, the micro dimension through the analysis of case studies.
From these problems, the book aims to initiate a transdisciplinary
reflection on such issues and sexuality, in part by reducing the
clear vacuum in scientific research taking shape as an experimental
laboratory of new research perspectives because we recognize,
critically, how the methods of the social sciences do not simply
reproduce the phenomena under study, but also contribute - a
greater or lesser degree - to their construction. And at the same
time making an issue of sex, sexuality and the multiple
identifications of gender of and in migration, involving migratory
experiences both on the side of leaving a country and on that of
arriving to another.
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