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Created in a world of empires, the United States was to be
something new: an expansive republic proclaiming commitments to
liberty and equality but eager to extend its territory and
influence. Yet from the beginning, Native powers, free and enslaved
Black people, and foreign subjects perceived, interacted with, and
resisted the young republic as if it was merely another empire
under the sun. Such perspectives have driven scholars to reevaluate
the early United States, as the parameters of early American
history have expanded in Atlantic, continental, and global
directions. If the nation’s acquisition of Puerto Rico, Guam, and
the Philippine Islands in 1898 traditionally marked its turn toward
imperialism, new scholarship suggests the United States was an
empire from the moment of its creation. The essays gathered in The
Early Imperial Republic move beyond the question of whether the new
republic was an empire, investigating instead where, how, and why
it was one. They use the category of empire to situate the early
United States in the global context its contemporaries understood,
drawing important connections between territorial conquests on the
continent and American incursions around the globe. They reveal an
early U.S. empire with many different faces, from merchants who
sought to profit from the republic’s imperial expansion to Native
Americans who opposed or leveraged it, from free Black
colonizationists and globe-trotting missionaries to illegal slave
traders and anti-imperial social reformers. In tracing these
stories, the volume’s contributors bring the study of early U.S.
imperialism down to earth, encouraging us to see the exertion of
U.S. power on the ground as a process that both drew upon the
example of its imperial predecessors and was forced to grapple with
their legacies. Taken together, they argue that American empire was
never confined to one era but is instead a thread throughout U.S.
history. Contributors:Brooke Bauer, Michael A. Blaakman, Eric
Burin, Emily Conroy-Krutz, Kathleen DuVal, Susan Gaunt Stearns,
Nicholas Guyatt, Amy S. Greenberg, M. Scott Heerman, Robert Lee,
Julia Lewandoski, Margot Minardi, Ousmane Power-Greene, Nakia D.
Parker, Tom Smith
In 1812, eight American missionaries, under the direction of the
recently formed American Board of Commissioners for Foreign
Missions, sailed from the United States to South Asia. The plans
that motivated their voyage were ano less grand than taking part in
the Protestant conversion of the entire world. Over the next
several decades, these men and women were joined by hundreds more
American missionaries at stations all over the globe. Emily
Conroy-Krutz shows the surprising extent of the early missionary
impulse and demonstrates that American evangelical Protestants of
the early nineteenth century were motivated by Christian
imperialism—an understanding of international relations that
asserted the duty of supposedly Christian nations, such as the
United States and Britain, to use their colonial and commercial
power to spread Christianity. In describing how American
missionaries interacted with a range of foreign locations
(including India, Liberia, the Middle East, the Pacific Islands,
North America, and Singapore) and imperial contexts, Christian
Imperialism provides a new perspective on how Americans thought of
their country’s role in the world. While in the early republican
period many were engaged in territorial expansion in the west,
missionary supporters looked east and across the seas toward
Africa, Asia, and the Pacific. Conroy-Krutz’s history of the
mission movement reveals that strong Anglo-American and global
connections persisted through the early republic. Considering
Britain and its empire to be models for their work, the
missionaries of the American Board attempted to convert the globe
into the image of Anglo-American civilization.
In 1812, eight American missionaries, under the direction of the
recently formed American Board of Commissioners for Foreign
Missions, sailed from the United States to South Asia. The plans
that motivated their voyage were ano less grand than taking part in
the Protestant conversion of the entire world. Over the next
several decades, these men and women were joined by hundreds more
American missionaries at stations all over the globe. Emily
Conroy-Krutz shows the surprising extent of the early missionary
impulse and demonstrates that American evangelical Protestants of
the early nineteenth century were motivated by Christian
imperialism-an understanding of international relations that
asserted the duty of supposedly Christian nations, such as the
United States and Britain, to use their colonial and commercial
power to spread Christianity. In describing how American
missionaries interacted with a range of foreign locations
(including India, Liberia, the Middle East, the Pacific Islands,
North America, and Singapore) and imperial contexts, Christian
Imperialism provides a new perspective on how Americans thought of
their country's role in the world. While in the early republican
period many were engaged in territorial expansion in the west,
missionary supporters looked east and across the seas toward
Africa, Asia, and the Pacific. Conroy-Krutz's history of the
mission movement reveals that strong Anglo-American and global
connections persisted through the early republic. Considering
Britain and its empire to be models for their work, the
missionaries of the American Board attempted to convert the globe
into the image of Anglo-American civilization.
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