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What lies at the center of the Mexican colonial experience? Should
Mexican colonial society be construed as a theoretical monolith,
capitalist from its inception, or was it essentially feudal, as
traditional historiography viewed it? In this pathfinding study,
Enrique Semo offers a fresh vision: that the conflicting social
formations of capitalism, feudalism, and tributary despotism
provided the basic dynamic of Mexico's social and economic
development. Responding to questions raised by contemporary Mexican
society, Semo sees the origin of both backwardness and development
not in climate, race, or a heterogeneous set of unrelated traits,
but rather in the historical interaction of each social formation.
In his analysis, Mexico's history is conceived as a succession of
socioeconomic formations, each growing within the "womb" of its
predecessor. Semo sees the task of economic history to analyze each
of these formations and to construct models that will help us
understand the laws of its evolution. His premise is that economic
history contributes to our understanding of the present not by
formulating universal laws, but by studying the laws of development
and progression of concrete economic systems. The History of
Capitalism in Mexico opens with the Conquest and concludes with the
onset of the profound socioeconomic transformation of the last
fifty years of the colony, a period clearly representing the
precapitalist phase of Mexican development. In the course of his
discussion, Semo addresses the role of dependency--an important
theoretical innovation--and introduces the concept of tributary
despotism, relating it to the problems of Indian society and
economy. He also provides a novelexamination of the changing role
of the church throughout Mexican colonial history. The result is a
comprehensive picture, which offers a provocative alternative to
the increasingly detailed and monographic approach that currently
dominates the writing of history. Originally published as Historia
del capitalismo en Mexico in 1973, this classic work is now
available for the first time in English. It will be of interest to
specialists in Mexican colonial history, as well as to general
readers.
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