This book presents the application of the overlapping grids approach to solve chiral material problems using the FDFD method. Due to the two grids being used in the technique, we will name this method as Double-Grid Finite Difference Frequency-Domain (DG-FDFD) method. As a result of this new approach the electric and magnetic field components are defined at every node in the computation space. Thus, there is no need to perform averaging during the calculations as in the aforementioned FDFD technique [16]. We formulate general 3D frequency-domain numerical methods based on double-grid (DG-FDFD) approach for general bianisotropic materials. The validity of the derived formulations for different scattering problems has been shown by comparing the obtained results to exact and other solutions obtained using different numerical methods. Table of Contents: Introduction / Chiral Media / Basics of the Finite-Difference Frequency-Domain (FDFD) Method / The Double-Grid Finite-Difference Frequency-Domain (DG-FDFD) Method for Bianisotropic Medium / Scattering FromThree Dimensional Chiral Structures / ImprovingTime and Memory Efficiencies of FDFD Methods / Conclusions / Appendix A: Notations / Appendix B: Near to Far FieldTransformation

In this book, a general frequency domain numerical method similar to the finite difference frequency domain (FDFD) technique is presented. The proposed method, called the multiresolution frequency domain (MRFD) technique, is based on orthogonal Battle-Lemarie and biorthogonal Cohen-Daubechies-Feauveau (CDF) wavelets. The objective of developing this new technique is to achieve a frequency domain scheme which exhibits improved computational efficiency figures compared to the traditional FDFD method: reduced memory and simulation time requirements while retaining numerical accuracy. The newly introduced MRFD scheme is successfully applied to the analysis of a number of electromagnetic problems, such as computation of resonance frequencies of one and three dimensional resonators, analysis of propagation characteristics of general guided wave structures, and electromagnetic scattering from two dimensional dielectric objects. The efficiency characteristics of MRFD techniques based on different wavelets are compared to each other and that of the FDFD method. Results indicate that the MRFD techniques provide substantial savings in terms of execution time and memory requirements, compared to the traditional FDFD method. Table of Contents: Introduction / Basics of the Finite Difference Method and Multiresolution Analysis / Formulation of the Multiresolution Frequency Domain Schemes / Application of MRFD Formulation to Closed Space Structures / Application of MRFD Formulation to Open Space Structures / A Multiresolution Frequency Domain Formulation for Inhomogeneous Media / Conclusion