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Disjunctive application is a type of interaction between
phonological mappings that has received special attention since the
inception of generative phonology (Chomsky & Halle 1968) and
has significantly impacted research in other subfields in
linguistics. The principle commonly held to be responsible for
disjunctive application, the Elsewhere Condition (Kiparsky 1973),
is argued in this book to be little more than a collection of
necessary stipulations within Chomsky & Halle's original SPE
framework. By contrast, disjunctive application is shown to follow
automatically from the most basic assumptions of Optimality Theory
(Prince & Smolensky 1993), with no added stipulations
necessary. The stage for these demonstrations is set with in-depth
discussion of the history and analysis of blocking interactions, of
which disjunctive application is a special case. The distinguishing
feature of disjunctive application is shown to be complementarity.
The analyses of two types of complementarity (allophonic or
'unbounded' complementary distribution as opposed to 'bounded'
complementary distribution) in both SPE and Optimality Theory are
discussed in detail, and it is shown that both have been analyzed
very differently in SPE but very similarly in Optimality Theory.
The various stipulated components of the Elsewhere Condition are
then discussed and contrasted with the lack of any such stipulation
in Optimality Theory. This is followed by a proof of two theorems
within Optimality Theory that solidify the result that two mappings
in a particular formal relation to each other are bound to apply in
complementary fashion.
An anthology of works on phonology, morphology, syntax, animal
communciation, cognitive science, and Optimality Theory by the
colleagues and students of Alan Prince. Contributors include the
New York Times best-selling author Steven Pinker, Prince's
collaborators Paul Smolensky and John McCarthy, and others.
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