Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) was discovered in the 1970s and has since grown enormously in breadth, depth, and understanding. One of the major characteristics of SERS is its interdisciplinary nature: it lies at the boundary between physics, chemistry, colloid science, plasmonics, nanotechnology, and biology. By their very nature, it is impossible to find a textbook that will summarize the principles needed for SERS of these rather dissimilar and disconnected topics. Although a basic understanding of these topics is necessary for research projects in SERS with all its many aspects and applications, they are seldom touched upon as a coherent unit during most undergraduate studies in physics or chemistry. This book intends to fill this existing gap in the literature. It provides an overview of the underlying principles of SERS, from the fundamental understanding of the effect to its potential applications. It is aimed primarily at newcomers to the field, graduate student, researcher or scientist, attracted by the many applications of SERS and plasmonics or its basic science. The emphasis is on concepts and background material for SERS, such as Raman spectroscopy, the physics of plasmons, or colloid science, all of them introduced within the context of SERS, and from where the more specialised literature can be followed.
* Represents one of very few books fully dedicated to the topic of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)
* Gives a comprehensive summary of the underlying physical concepts around SERS
* Provides a detailed analysis of plasmons and plasmonics

Stress is a double edged sword. Whereas chronic stress has well known harmful effects, recent research shows that intermittent exposure of cells and organisms to mild stress can improve various biological parameters, including severe stress tolerance, health span and longevity. Mild stress-induced hormesis is potentially a powerful tool in gerontological research and interventions. This book brings together some of the world leaders in this area of research who present a critical analysis of the ongoing research with respect to the effects and mechanisms of action of various types of mild stress, such as irradiation, heat, physical exercise, hypergravity, pro-oxidants and nutritional components, on a variety of biological systems ranging from fruitflies to human cells and bodies. Their separate chapters and a final collective chapter open up a whole new world of possibilities for future research in aging, successful aging, and health span extension.

The growing demand for high quality office and manufacturing space in South East Asia has led to an increasing awareness of 'intelligent building' concepts. This study is based on a major research project undertaken by three leading players in the construction industry - DEGW, Northcroft and Ove Arup & Partners - which looked at user requirements and changing patterns in the workplace. The book also contains key findings from the earlier Intelligent Buildings in Europe study undertaken by DEGW and Tecknibank and provides in one volume essential information on building intelligence.

Some mild stresses have positive effects on survival and aging as shown in animal models. There is also a large body of research that demonstrates these hormetic effects on aging, health, and resistance to severe stresses and diseases in human beings. However, the data are dispersed in the literature and are not always interpreted as hormetic effects. Hormesis in Health and Disease reviews the evidence for hormesis in humans as achieved through a variety of stresses or stimuli, and discusses mechanisms of hormesis and its ethical and legal issues. Divided into four sections, this book presents the current state of research, including questions, debates, doubts, and controversies in hormesis. Section I covers the history and terminology of hormesis, describing its main features and providing necessary background information. Section II shows that hormetic effects can be caused by various stresses-including physical exercise, nutritional components, fasting, micronutrients, irradiation, heat, ischemia, and mental challenge-and can be observed both in organs and at the organism level. Section III reviews possible mechanisms of hormesis that have been elucidated at this point. Section IV discusses the wider consequences hormesis may have for everyone. This book demonstrates that health beneficial hormetic effects do exist in human beings. It offers information to inspire key players to initiate new strategies to elucidate the strengths and limits of the dual nature of stress.

The growing demand for high quality office and manufacturing space in South East Asia has led to an increasing awareness of 'intelligent building' concepts. This study is based on a major research project undertaken by three leading players in the construction industry - DEGW, Northcroft and Ove Arup & Partners - which looked at user requirements and changing patterns in the workplace. The book also contains key findings from the earlier Intelligent Buildings in Europe study undertaken by DEGW and Tecknibank and provides in one volume essential information on building intelligence.

The thirst for post-World War II justice transcended the Cold War and mobilized diverse social groups. This is a story of their multilayered and at times conflictual interactions. In this edited collection, sixteen historians develop a new approach to the trials against persons accused of war crimes and mass murder in Europe during the ascendancy of Nazism and the Second World War (1933-1945). Focusing on the social aspects of the demand for justice and making use of previously underexploited local and international sources, contributors put to the test the notion of "show trials" and explore a range of judicial and political cultures from Germany to the Soviet Union. Essays uncover the expectations around accountability and forms of mobilization on the part of a range of citizens involved in the trials: survivors, witnesses, perpetrators, Nazi hunters, and civic activists. In addition to the perspective of these citizens, contributors invoke the expertise of reporters, filmmakers, historians, investigators, and prosecutors who shaped public representations of justice. These shaping efforts, the authors show, often supported the desire of political authorities to benefit from the publicity of the trials and to contain the spontaneous dissemination of information. The book's close examination of interactions between citizens and authorities thus demonstrates the extent and limits of what might be called a "coproduction" of justice, in the process shedding light on the interdependence between historical knowledge and legal prosecution of mass crimes.

Whereas chronic stress has well known harmful effects, recent research shows that intermittent exposure of cells and organisms to mild stress can improve various biological parameters. This book brings together some of the world leaders in this area of research who present a critical analysis of the ongoing research with respect to the effects and mechanisms of action of various types of mild stress. Novel approaches to improving health and longevity are introduced.

This book combines the proceedings of Mechanical Behavior of Nanomaterials - Experiments and Modeling, and Plasticity in Confined Volumes - Modeling and Experiments. These two symposia brought together researchers to exchange ideas about the mechanical behavior of materials where size, be it microstructural or geometric, plays an important role. Firstly it focuses on understanding the mechanical behavior of nanostructured materials, such as nanoscale thin films, nanowires, nanotubes, and nanoparticles, as well as nanoporous, nanograined and nanotwinned materials. Such materials with submicron length scales are important building blocks for next-generation functional devices and materials systems. The second focus is on understanding how micron and submicron external and internal microstructural-length scales play a defining role in the strength and ductility of a material. Modern simulation methods have revealed a diverse range of atomic and mesoscale processes that can contribute to the emergent plasticity of such complex materials. Topics include: nanostructured materials; polymers and composites; simulations and modeling and microcompression and nanoindentation.

Nanoindentation and nanotribology are fundamental, evolving, and complementary disciplines within materials science. In recent years there has been rapid convergence of the biomechanical and materials disciplines, as well as explosive growth of the nanotube and nanostructured materials fields. The expansion of nanomechanical testing into these new fields has been accompanied by similarly rapid growth in our understanding of, and ability to perform, mechanical tests with ever-smaller forces and displacements. The understanding of fundamental mechanical measurement techniques must continue to advance to design new systems and materials to meet the challenges of technology. This book is a snapshot of the state of the art in nanoindentation and nanotribology, and highlights emerging topics including the development of new methods for characterizing nanoscale mechanical and tribological properties. Additional topics include: size effects and indentation of thin films; nanotribology and friction; modeling, simulation and analysis of indentation data and nanomechanics of polymers, time-dependent characterization.

Collection of British comedies from the 1930s. Lupino Lane directs 'Letting in the Sunshine' (1933) in which Albert Burdon stars as Nobby Green, a window cleaner. When he bumps into his old flame Jane (Renee Gadd) they conspire to outwit a band of jewel thieves. In 'Lucky to Me' (1939), directed by Thomas Bentley, Potty (Stanley Lupino), a clerk at a legal firm, marries secretary Minnie (Barbara Blair) in secret. To keep their marriage hidden from their colleagues the pair plan a one-night honeymoon. However, even this comes under threat when Potty's boss orders him to go on a business trip!

Track list
Flute Sonata in B-flat Major, K. 378 (Transcr.) Allegro Moderato
Andantino Sostenuto E Cantabile
Rondo. Allegro
Flute Sonata in G Major K. 379 (Transcr.) I. Adagio - Allegro
Iia. Andantino Cantabile. Theme and Variations
Flute Sonata in E Minor K. 304 (Transcr.) Allegro
Tempo Di Minuetto
Flute Sonata in C Major K. 296 (Transcr.) Allegro Vivace
Andante Sostenuto
Rondo. Allegro