This book presents the state of the art in multilevel analysis, with an emphasis on more advanced topics. These topics are discussed conceptually, analyzed mathematically, and illustrated by empirical examples. Multilevel analysis is the statistical analysis of hierarchically and non-hierarchically nested data. The simplest example is clustered data, such as a sample of students clustered within schools. Multilevel data are especially prevalent in the social and behavioral sciences and in the biomedical sciences. The chapter authors are all leading experts in the field. Given the omnipresence of multilevel data in the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences, this book is essential for empirical researchers in these fields.

This book presents the state of the art in multilevel analysis, with an emphasis on more advanced topics. These topics are discussed conceptually, analyzed mathematically, and illustrated by empirical examples. Multilevel analysis is the statistical analysis of hierarchically and non-hierarchically nested data. The simplest example is clustered data, such as a sample of students clustered within schools. Multilevel data are especially prevalent in the social and behavioral sciences and in the biomedical sciences. The chapter authors are all leading experts in the field. Given the omnipresence of multilevel data in the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences, this book is essential for empirical researchers in these fields.

This book presents the eight tutorial lectures given at the Second International School on Advanced Functional Programming, held in Olympia, WA, USA, in August 1996.
After many years of development, functional programming languages have matured to a point where they can be used for much larger applications than has been typical in the past. These tutorial notes have been written for students and professionals in software engineering who are interested in exploring beyond the elementary concepts of functional programming and in progressing towards large-scale programming and structured software.

This volume presents the tutorials given during the First International Spring School on Advanced Functional Programming Techniques, held in Bastad, Sweden in May 1995.
The last few years have seen important new developments in functional programming techniques: concepts, such as monads, type classes, and several new special purpose libraries of higher-order functions are new and powerful methods for structuring programs. This book brings programmers, software engineers and computer scientists up-to-date with the latest techniques. Most tutorial contributions contain exercises to familiarize the reader with the new concepts and techniques, and only basic knowledge in functional programming is assumed.

In today's app-driven era, when programs are asynchronous and responsiveness is so vital, reactive programming can help you write code that's more reliable, easier to scale, and better-performing. With this practical book, Java developers will first learn how to view problems in the reactive way, and then build programs that leverage the best features of this exciting new programming paradigm. Authors Tomasz Nurkiewicz and Ben Christensen include concrete examples that use the RxJava library to solve real-world performance issues on Android devices as well as the server. You'll learn how RxJava leverages parallelism and concurrency to help you solve today's problems. This book also provides a preview of the upcoming 2.0 release. Write programs that react to multiple asynchronous sources of input without descending into "callback hell" Get to that aha! moment when you understand how to solve problems in the reactive way Cope with Observables that produce data too quickly to be consumed Explore strategies to debug and to test programs written in the reactive style Efficiently exploit parallelism and concurrency in your programs Learn about the transition to RxJava version 2