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This brief captures the contextual features of entrepreneurship by
measuring entrepreneurial attitudes, abilities, and aspirations at
both the individual- and country-level. Featuring data from the
2016 Global Entrepreneurship and Development Index (GEDI), which
measures the quality and scale of the entrepreneurial process in
133 countries around the world, this book provides a tool to help
policymakers and governments harness the power of entrepreneurship
to address some of the economic challenges faced at the country
level. In addition to the yearly data and comparisons, this edition
also explores the relationship between entrepreneurship and other
measures of development. Distinct from both output-based
entrepreneurship indexes (i.e., new firm counts) and process-based
indexes (i.e., comparisons of policies and regulations, the GEDI is
designed to profile national systems of entrepreneurship. The Index
does not simply count new firm registrations nor is it an exercise
of policy benchmarking. It also does not focus exclusively on
high-growth entrepreneurship; it considers the characteristics of
entrepreneurship that enhance productivity, such as innovation,
market expansion, globalization, and growth potential. Finally,
recognizing that entrepreneurship has a different impact in
different economic and institutional contexts, the GEDI combines
individual-level data with data that describes national
institutions, as well as economic and demographic structures, to
provide an institutionally embedded view of the drivers of
productive entrepreneurship.
The Global Entrepreneurship and Development Index both captures the
context features of entrepreneurship and fills a gap in the
measurement of development. Building on recent advances in
entrepreneurship and economic development, the authors have created
an index that offers a measure of the quality of the business
formation process in 118 of the most important countries in the
world.The authors expertly capture the contextual feature of
entrepreneurship by focusing on entrepreneurial attitudes,
entrepreneurial abilities and entrepreneurial aspirations. The data
and their contribution to the business formation process are
supported by three decades of research into entrepreneurship across
a host of countries. The unique index construction of individual
and institutional measures integrates 31 variables from various
data sources into 14 pillars, three sub-indexes and a 'super
index'. The relationship between entrepreneurship and economic
development appears to be more or less mildly S-shaped. The
findings suggest moving away from simple measures of
entrepreneurship across countries illustrating a U-shaped or
L-shaped relationship to more complex measures, which are
positively related to development. The model has important
implications for development policy. This unique book will be
invaluable for researchers, policymakers and entrepreneurs keen to
expand their understanding of entrepreneurship and development.
Contents: Foreword: Entrepreneurship and Global Growth, by Jack
Goldstone Preface 1. Introduction to the 2013 Global
Entrepreneurship and Development Index 2. Entrepreneurship and
Public Policy: Towards National Systems of Entrepreneurship 3.
Institutions, Incentives and Entrepreneurship, by Ruta Aidis and
Saul Estrin 4. The Global Entrepreneurship and Development Index 5.
The Role of Entrepreneurship and Economic Development 6.
Methodology and Data Description 7. Country Standings
This volume provides a detailed look at the entrepreneurial
ecosystem of different nations by combining individual data with
institutional components. The composite index presented in this
book, the Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEI), aims to measure the
quality and scale of the entrepreneurial process in 130 countries
around the world. The authors have developed a system that links
institutions and agents through a National Entrepreneurial System
(ecosystem) in which each biotic and abiotic component is
reinforced by the other at a country level. The enclosed data, from
both individual- and country-level institutions, provides
policymakers a tool for understanding the entrepreneurial strengths
and weaknesses of their respective economies, thereby enabling the
implementation of policies that foster productive entrepreneurship.
Distinct from both output-based entrepreneurship indexes (i.e., new
firm counts) and process-based indexes (i.e., comparisons of
policies and regulations), the GEI is designed to profile national
systems of entrepreneurship. The GEI is a construction of
individual and institutional measures that integrates 31 variables
from various data sources into 14 pillars, three sub-indexes and a
'super index'. The relationship between entrepreneurship and
economic development appears to be more or less mildly S-shaped.
The findings suggest moving away from simple measures of
entrepreneurship across countries illustrating a U-shaped or
L-shaped relationship to more complex measures, which are
positively related to development. The Index also does not focus
exclusively on high-growth entrepreneurship; it also considers the
characteristics of entrepreneurship that enhance productivity:
innovation, market expansion, being growth oriented, and having an
international outlook. Moreover, because entrepreneurship can have
both economic and social consequences for the individual, the GEI
captures the dynamic, institutionally embedded interactions between
the individual-level attitudes, abilities, and aspirations that
drive productive entrepreneurship. This unique book will be
invaluable for researchers, policymakers and entrepreneurs keen to
expand their understanding of entrepreneurship and development.
This volume captures the context features of entrepreneurship and
fills a gap in the measurement of development. Building on recent
advances in entrepreneurship and economic development, the authors
have created an index that offers a measure of the quality of the
business formation process in 120 of the most important countries
in the world. The authors expertly capture the contextual feature
of entrepreneurship by focusing on entrepreneurial attitudes,
entrepreneurial abilities and entrepreneurial aspirations. The data
and their contribution to the business formation process are
supported by three decades of research into entrepreneurship across
a host of countries. The Global Entrepreneurship and Development
Index is a construction of individual and institutional measures
that integrates 31 variables from various data sources into 15
pillars, three sub-indexes and a 'super index'. The relationship
between entrepreneurship and economic development appears to be
more or less mildly S-shaped. The findings suggest moving away from
simple measures of entrepreneurship across countries illustrating a
U-shaped or L-shaped relationship to more complex measures, which
are positively related to development. The model has important
implications for development policy. This unique book will be
invaluable for researchers, policymakers and entrepreneurs keen to
expand their understanding of entrepreneurship and development.
The Global Entrepreneurship and Development Index both captures the
context features of entrepreneurship and fills a gap in the
measurement of development. Building on recent advances in
entrepreneurship and economic development, the authors have created
an index that offers a measure of the quality of the business
formation process in 118 of the most important countries in the
world. The authors expertly capture the contextual feature of
entrepreneurship by focusing on entrepreneurial attitudes,
entrepreneurial abilities and entrepreneurial aspirations. The data
and their contribution to the business formation process are
supported by three decades of research into entrepreneurship across
a host of countries. The unique index construction of individual
and institutional measures integrates 31 variables from various
data sources into 14 pillars, three sub-indexes and a 'super
index'. The relationship between entrepreneurship and economic
development appears to be more or less mildly S-shaped. The
findings suggest moving away from simple measures of
entrepreneurship across countries illustrating a U-shaped or
L-shaped relationship to more complex measures, which are
positively related to development. The model has important
implications for development policy. This unique book will be
invaluable for researchers, policymakers and entrepreneurs keen to
expand their understanding of entrepreneurship and development.
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