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Analysis of the direction in which Ghana's policy makers will need
to steer the economy for Ghana to fulfil the promise of its
independence over 50 years ago. As Ghana enters its second
half-century there is a widespread perception of failure of the
economic and political system in delivering improved living
standards to the population. This failure comes despite a solid
transition to democracy, despite a recorded recovery from the
economic malaise of previous decades and despite a reduction on
measured levels of poverty. The contributors in this book analyse
the reasons for this failure and sets out an analytical agenda as
the basis of the course that the nations' policy makers will have
to steer if Ghana is to fulfil the promise of its independence in
1957. ERNEST ARYEETEY is Director of the Institute of Statistical,
Social& Economic Research, University of Ghana at Legon; RAVI
KANBUR is Professor of Economics at Cornell University. The
contributors include: Ernest Aryeetey, Ravi Kanbur, Tony Killick,
Augustin Fosu, Charles E. Youngblood,David L. Franklin, Stephen
Kyereme, Frank W. Agbola, Susanna Wolf, Daniel Bruce Sarpong, Peter
Quartey, Theresa Blankson, Thierry Buchs, Johan Mathiesen, William
F. Steel, David O. Andah, Harold Coulombe, Anthony Tsekpo,
CharlesD. Jebuni, Andy Mckay, Nii K.Sowa, Kojo Appiah-Kubi, Abena
Oduro, Bernadin Senadza, Felix A. Asante, Joseph R.A. Ayee, Kwabena
Gyimah-Brempong, Elizabeth N. Appiah, Niels-Hugo Blunch, G.J.M. Van
Den Boom, N.N.N. Nsowah-Nuamah, and, G.B. Overbosch. Ghana: Woeli
Publishing Services(PB)
Title first publishedin 2003. This comprehensive book focuses on
the prevailing conditions in Asia and Africa under various
macroeconomic and sectoral themes in order to provide in depth
explanations for the divergent development experiences of the two
regions. Seeking to go further than the simple comparison of
policies, the book carefully examines the institutional context for
policy implementation within which growth and development have
proceeded in the regions.
Financial Integration and Development examines the effects of
financial liberalization on development, with particular focus on
Sub-Saharan Africa. Looking at the relationship between formal and
informal institutions, it focuses on structural features that
separate formal and informal segments of the financial
system.
The findings are based on field work conducted in Ghana, Malawi,
Nigeria and Tanzania, and lead the way to a reassessment of the
design of financial reform programmes and some proposals for
effective institution-building policies.
Title first publishedin 2003. This comprehensive book focuses on
the prevailing conditions in Asia and Africa under various
macroeconomic and sectoral themes in order to provide in depth
explanations for the divergent development experiences of the two
regions. Seeking to go further than the simple comparison of
policies, the book carefully examines the institutional context for
policy implementation within which growth and development have
proceeded in the regions.
While many countries may embrace globalization at the conceptual
level, the specifics of implementation vary greatly from country to
country. Testing Global Interdependence poses such questions as:
How is openness exercised? How does a country join the
international globalization trend? What mechanisms are available to
help societies adjust to globalization? The book draws upon the
diverse experiences of multiple countries as they react to the
practicalities of globalization and succeeds in discovering the
gains resulting from particular trade policies, anti-poverty
measures, migration patterns and foreign aid packages. The diverse
narratives contained within the book ultimately suggest how to
limit globalization's negative aspects and ensure constructive
engagement in the global community. This, the first book in the
Global Development Network series, brings together the views of
researchers from the developing and developed world and provides
models of successful research conducted in developing and
transition countries. This study will appeal to academics and
researchers in political economy, development studies,
international economics, migration and globalization as well as
public policy. In addressing policy implications, the work will
also be of great value to policy-oriented researchers, policymakers
and development agencies worldwide.
Dramatic increases in food prices, as witnessed on a global scale
in recent years, threaten the food security of hundreds of millions
of the rural poor in Sub-Saharan Africa alone. This book focuses on
recent food and financial crises as they have affected Africa,
illustrating the problems using country case studies, that cover
their origins, effects on agriculture and rural poverty, their
underlying factors and making recommendations as to how such crises
could best be addressed in the future.
This work discusses the economic reforms that have taken place in
Ghana since independence in 1957. It includes sections on:
structure and growth; fiscal, savings and investment policies; the
external sector; factor markets; sectoral performance;
socio-economic development; and the future. Since independence in
1957, Ghana has tried a number of approaches to achieving
acceptable rates of growth and development. A period of rapid
industrialization in the 1960s, then control measures and further
state interventions inthe 1970s, was followedby a comprehensive
programme from the mid-1980s based on a policy of economic
liberalization. However, initial growth and macroeconomic stability
has not been sustained beyond the short term. This work discusses
the economic reforms that have taken placein Ghana since
independence in 1957. It includes sections on: structure and
growth; fiscal, savings and investment policies; the external
sector; factor markets; sectoral performance; socio-economic
development; and the future. North America: Africa World Press;
Ghana: Woeli Publishing Services
Poverty in sub-Saharan Africa is predominantly a rural and
agricultural phenomenon. The large majority of all poor are farmers
and herders, therefore as long as the poor remain smallholders,
alleviation of poverty remains an agricultural task. African
Smallholders documents the farm-level effects of agricultural
policies, focusing on a variety of themes including micro-credit,
infrastructure, cash crop production and food security. To deepen
our understanding of agricultural development it discusses staple
food production in sub-Saharan Africa and its response to changing
geo-political, macro-economic and agricultural policy. It is a
useful resource for all those researching or involved with food
security, agricultural and rural development in sub-Saharan Africa.
The persistence of poverty in many developing countries, especially
in Sub-Saharan Africa, in the face of increased globalisation and
rapid trade liberalisation during the past two decades has inspired
considerable debate on the impact of globalisation, in general, and
trade liberalisation, in particular, on poverty. In Ghana, as in
many other African countries, poverty remains the fundamental
problem confronting policy makers in the new millennium as
highlighted in the Ghana Poverty Reduction Strategy. Yet, between
1991 and 2006, the headcount index of poverty fell by 23.2
percentage points with the proportion of the population living
below the national poverty line falling from 51.7% in 1991/92 to
28.5% in 2005/06. Poverty had fallen in the countryside as well as
in the towns, though progress had been more rapid in rural areas.
This optimism is, however, tempered by the fact that while poverty
declined, inequality increased significantly during the same
period. Large reductions in the incidence of poverty have occurred
among private sector employees in both the formal and informal
sectors, and among public sector wage employees, but export farmers
have experienced the largest reduction in consumption poverty.
Poverty reduction among the large numbers of food crop farmers, on
the other hand, has been modest. Reductions in the incidence of
poverty over the period have been smaller also for the non-farm
self employed and informal sector wage employees. A recent
publication by the World Bank suggests that had there been no
change in inequality, the reduction in poverty would have reached
27.5 percentage points, so that Ghana would have achieved the
Millenium Development Goal (MDG) target of reducing poverty by half
in relation to its level of 1991/92. This book is one response to
the challenge posed by the paucity of recent empirical evidence on
the poverty and distributional impacts of trade policy reform in
Ghana. The main objective of the study is to contribute to our
understanding of the poverty and distributional impact of trade
policy reform in Ghana by analyzing how trade liberalisation
affects the well-being of households and in particular, if the
outcome it generates is pro-poor, with particular interest in the
gender-differentiated impact.
As Ghana approaches its 60th birthday, optimism and worries for the
future continue to be present in equal measure. Economic growth in
the last decade has been high by historical standards. Indeed,
recent rebasing of GDP figures has put Ghana over the per capita
income threshold into Middle Income Country status. However,
structural transformation has lagged behind. Fiscal discipline has
also eroded significantly and there is heavy borrowing, especially
on the commercial market, while elements of the natural resource
curse from oil have already occurred. The question most observers
ask is whether the gains from two decades of reforms are being
reversed. Given this background, this volume brings together
leading established and young economists, from within and outside
Ghana, to analyze and assess the challenges facing Ghana's economy
as it enters its seventh decade and the nation heads towards three
quarters of a century of independence. The chapters cover the major
macroeconomic and sectoral issues, including fiscal and monetary
policy, trade and industrialization, agriculture and
infrastructure. The volume also covers a full range of social
issues including poverty and inequality, education, health, gender,
and social protection. The book also examines the implications of
the oil boom for Ghanaian development, and the role of
institutions.
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