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Philosophy of language has been at the center of philosophical
research at least since the start of the 20th century. Since that
'linguistic turn' much of the most important work in philosophy has
related to language. But till now there has been no regular forum
for outstanding original work in this area. That is what Oxford
Studies in Philosophy of Language offers. Anyone wanting to know
what's happening in philosophy of language could start with these
volumes.
This volume brings together two series of papers: one began with
Herman Cappelen and Ernie Lepore's 1997 paper 'On an Alleged
Connection Between the Theory of Meaning and Indirect Speech'. The
other series started with their 1997 paper 'Varieties of
Quotation'. The central theme throughout is that only when
communicative content is liberated from semantic content will we
make progress in understanding language, communication, contexts,
and their interconnection. These are the papers in which Cappelen
and Lepore introduced speech act pluralism and semantic minimalism,
and they provide the foundation for one of the most powerful
attacks on contextualism in contemporary philosophy.
Ernie Lepore and Barry Loewer present a series of papers in which
they come to terms with three views that have loomed large in
philosophy for several decades: that a theory of meaning for a
language is best understood as a theory of truth for that language;
that thought and language are best understood together via a theory
of interpretation; and that the mental is irreducible to the
physical. They aim both to offer critical assessment of the views
and to develop them. They show that each of these views remains of
great significance for current work in philosophy of language and
mind.
This Handbook represents a collective exploration of the emerging
field of applied philosophy of language. The volume covers a broad
range of areas where philosophy engages with linguistic aspects of
our social world, including such hot topics as dehumanizing speech,
dogwhistles, taboo language, pornography, appropriation, implicit
bias, speech acts, and the ethics of communication. An
international line-up of contributors adopt a variety of approaches
and methods in their investigation of these linguistic phenomena,
drawing on linguistics and the human and social sciences as well as
on different philosophical subdisciplines. The aim is to map out
fruitful areas of research and to stimulate discussion with
thought-provoking essays by leading and emerging philosophers.
How do hearers manage to understand speakers? And how do speakers
manage to shape hearers' understanding? Lepore and Stone show that
standard views about the workings of semantics and pragmatics are
unsatisfactory. They offer a new account of language as a
specifically social competence for making our ideas public. They
argue that this approach is a good way to target the distinctive
mechanisms and problems at play in explaining the human faculty of
language. At the same time, this view embraces the diverse
dimensions of meaning that linguists have discovered. This is the
right way to delimit semantics.
Donald Davidson was one of the most famous and influential
philosophers of the twentieth century. The Structure of Truth
presents his 1970 Locke Lectures in print for the first time. They
comprise an invaluable historical document which illuminates how
Davidson was thinking about the theory of meaning, the role of a
truth theory therein, the ontological commitments of a truth
theory, the notion of logical form, and so on, at a pivotal moment
in the development of his thought. Unlike Davidson's previously
published work, the lectures are written so as to be presented to
an audience as a fully organized and coherent exposition of his
program in the philosophy of language. Had they been widely
available in the years following 1970, the reception of Davidson's
work might have been very different. Given the systematic nature of
their presentation of Davidson's semantic program, these lectures
will be of interest to anyone working in the philosophy of
language.
What do speakers mean? What do they convey? What do they reveal?
How do they invite us to think? Communication exploits conventional
rules, deliberate choices, and many other faculties. How? A common
answer invokes simple meanings and general ways to reinterpret
them, as in H. P. Grice's theory of conversational implicature.
Lepore and Stone show such answers are unsatisfactory. Instead,
they argue that language provides diverse tools for making ideas
public, and that communication recruits distinct kinds of
imagination. The work synthesizes results from across cognitive
science into a profoundly new account of meaning in language.
Donald Davidson (1917-2003) was one of the most important
philosophers of the late twentieth century. His work on language
and the theory of meaning has been particularly influential.Two of
the world's leading authorities on Davidson's philosophy, Ernest
Lepore and Kirk Ludwig, provide a systematic exposition of his work
in this field and of his contributions to philosophy of mind,
metaphysics, and epistemology which spring from it. Their second
aim is to assess Davidson's program critically, to mark its
successes, but also to identify where its ccomplishments fall short
of its ambitions, and, since it is an on-going research program, to
assess its prospects for the future, and to contribute to the
expansion of that program. Criticizing and extending Davidson's
thought, as well as providing an introduction to it, Lepore and
Ludwig address a broad academic audience. Their work will be of
fundamental importance for those who are coming to Davidson's work
for the first time; while some philosophical sophistication and
training is presupposed, it is accessible both to advanced
undergraduates and to graduate students. It will also be welcomed
by professional philosophers, linguists, and anyone wishing to
assess and understand Davidson's remarkable intellectual legacy.
Ernest Lepore and Kirk Ludwig present the definitive critical
exposition of the philosophical system of Donald Davidson
(1917-2003). Davidson's ideas had a deep and broad influence in the
central areas of philosophy; he presented them in brilliant essays
over four decades, but never set out explicitly the overarching
scheme in which they all have their place. Lepore's and Ludwig's
book will therefore be the key work, besides Davidson's own, for
understanding one of the greatest philosophers of the twentieth
century.
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