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Do environmental regulations harm international competitiveness? In
answer to this question, this book focuses on the impact of
regulatory policies on competitiveness and employment at the firm
level. It investigates the trade-off between environmental
regulations and competitiveness across countries and regions
throughout Europe, using the food processing industry as a case
study.The authors compare and contrast the experiences of similar
firms across Europe to examine the different costs firms face in
applying environmental regulations and the different levels of
competitiveness they achieve as a result. The investigation
includes a detailed and thorough comparison of the European food
processing industries using 67 company case studies. The results
show that firms can achieve national or international levels of
competitiveness even when they face a relatively unfavourable level
of regulatory costs. These important findings will almost certainly
have general application to small and medium sized firms in other
industries. This book will be welcomed by policymakers,
practitioners, researchers and academics interested in industrial
economics, environmental management and environmental economics.
This study focuses in detail on the environmental
compliance/competitiveness relationship with respect to the
regulation of packaging waste. An important and innovative feature
of the study is its emphasis on backward and forward linkages. An
entire supply chain is considered: packaging manufacturers and
suppliers, food processors and the food retail sector, to study the
competitive effects of environmental standards on manufacturing
companies and the vertical links and supply responses. A variety of
regulatory regimes is represented by including within the study
companies from Germany, Italy, the Republic of Ireland and the
United Kingdom. While it is of note that the relatively strong
regulation in Germany has indeed had effects on company behaviour,
there is no evidence that environmental regulations hindered
companies from achieving competitive performance.Analyses consider:
the response of individual firms to different levels of regulation;
the cost of compliance; impact on employment; the influence of the
supply chain on environmental and competitive performance; the
importance of firm size and ownership; and the impact of regulation
on competitiveness, and firm competitiveness on the efficiency of
adjustment to regulation.
First published in 1999, this timely study emerged at a critical
juncture for the EU and Ireland, and aimed to review the past
development and future prospects of the Northern Ireland economy in
the light of the European Union and its possible expansion. Esmond
Birnie and David M.W.N. Hitchens examine the economic circumstances
in the wake of Northern Ireland's longstanding position as a region
which lags behind UK performance in the EU. Here, they update the
data and discussion contained in an earlier study by the authors,
Closing the Productivity Gap (1990), through discussions including
engines of growth, the process of convergence and the current and
likely development of Northern Ireland-Republic of Ireland economic
links. This book will be of use to both academics, undergraduates,
A-level students and the general reader.
First published in 1999, this timely study emerged at a critical
juncture for the EU and Ireland, and aimed to review the past
development and future prospects of the Northern Ireland economy in
the light of the European Union and its possible expansion. Esmond
Birnie and David M.W.N. Hitchens examine the economic circumstances
in the wake of Northern Ireland's longstanding position as a region
which lags behind UK performance in the EU. Here, they update the
data and discussion contained in an earlier study by the authors,
Closing the Productivity Gap (1990), through discussions including
engines of growth, the process of convergence and the current and
likely development of Northern Ireland-Republic of Ireland economic
links. This book will be of use to both academics, undergraduates,
A-level students and the general reader.
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