On October 25-26, 2005, the Chemical Sciences Roundtable held a workshop to explore issues involving those who use and contribute to chemical literature, as well as those who publish and disseminate chemical journals. As a follow-up to the workshop, a summary was written to capture the presentations and discussions that occurred during the workshop. As a forum to discuss chemistry journals within the larger context of scientific, technical and medical journal publishing, the workshop covered whether chemists and chemical engineers have unique journal needs and, if so, whether these needs are being met in the current journal publishing environment. Workshop participants also tackled how open access publishing might be applied to the chemical literature, such as to provide authors more freedom to distribute their articles after publication and allowing free access to chemical literature archives. Table of Contents Front Matter 1 Overview 2 Historical Perspective 3 Challenges of Web Publication 4 Cost 5 Access 6 Archives 7 Open Access Appendix A Workshop Agenda Appendix B List of Participants Appendix C Biographic Sketches of Workshop Speakers Appendix D Origin of and Information on the Chemical Sciences Roundtable