Ann Cook was an 18th-century cook and cookbook author. Her cookbook was printed in three editions and contained more than just receipts. For some reason, she had a real problem with Hannah Glasse’s cookbook, The Art of Cookery: Made Plain and Easy, which had been republished many times during the 18th century and would have been the first port of call for a puzzled cook or housekeeper. Cook’s book included vitriolic comments about a number of Glasse’s recipes. Historic cooks Clarissa F. Dillon and Deborah J. Peterson use their skills to investigate whether Cook’s remarks were valid. They prepared a number of recipes, both from Glasse and from Cook, and commented on the results. Although a number of people have written about these two women, their emphasis was on the comments, not on the validity of the criticisms. This approach makes this book unique.

At the beginning of World War II, the Army Air Force descended upon the college campuses across the land to enlist as many college students as possible in its Aviation Cadet program before the other branches of service could recruit them. Numerous commitments were made to the students, promising among other things that they would train together, fly in combat under the great insignia of the university, and be commissioned as officers in the new two-million-man air force. In their zealous recruiting, the Army Air Force enlisted more men than the training facilities could handle and, as it turned out, more than they needed. As a result, a surplus of pilots developed and the college men were dumped into assignments far removed from that which they had been promised. One day, they were flying airplanes and being treated with dignity and respect and the next day they were picking up cigarette butts. Instead of becoming officers with duty and position commensurate with their education and abilities, they were performing menial tasks in the enlisted ranks.

The Handbook on Testing highlights major work in educational, psychological, technical, and occupational testing in public and private sectors. Theoretical issues in measurement are discussed. Standards for tests and testing professionals are described. In addition, a range of test environments, testing programs, and groups of examinees are included. A variety of suggestions for improving the use of tests for selection and classification are given. Examples of programs linking testing with training are also provided, and the use of tests to promote learning is described. Researchers in the field of testing have witnessed recent significant changes in test development and test administration procedures. The motivation for such changes lies in revised conceptions of intelligence as well as modifications in testing technologies. The Handbook on Testing is the largest treatise in testing and contains among the most important testing work, including new undertakings on a range of test administration methods, types of abilities, and measures taken from tests. Issues of test theory and standards are discussed. New work in intelligence testing is also included. In addition, the mechanisms and use of dynamic assessment and learning tests are considered. Several large-scale testing programs are reviewed, including predictor and criterion development work in the military, private sector employment testing, and testing for admission to medical school. The link between assessment and instruction is highlighted in several chapters, including coverage in special education testing.

Research aimed at developing new approaches to testing of complex intellectual processes occupies the forefront of psychology and education. Testing examines the ongoing research efforts into information processing techniques and measures by the military and academic research and development communities. Psychometricians, educational and cognitive psychologists, and personnel researchers will find this review of current testing literature a valuable and practical research tool. Leading experts and professionals from a variety of backgrounds focus on improvements in measuring broadly defined tests of aptitude and on innovations in measuring intellectual skill. Four main topics treated are: advances in testing; new methods of testing; new aptitude measures; dimensions of job performance.

Instruction highlights the ongoing research of military and academic communities--research aimed at developing new approaches in the instruction of complex intellectual processes and skills. Representative work includes learning procedural tasks and learning text comprehension processes in various environments such as computer-managed instructional settings. A variety of technological factors relevant to developing training materials for computerized environments is also presented. In addition, new domains such as learning map interpretation skills are included. This major collaborative effort was supported by the Navy Personnel Research and Development Center in San Diego, California.

Researchers from major military personnel research organizations and universities contributed to this volume. The essays study: student cognitive attributes and performance in a computer-based instructional setting; factors in retention of procedural tasks; experimental investigation of text comprehension in bilinguals; functional context theory; literary and electronics training; problem solving in technical domains; motivation, learning, and prescriptions for change; teaching interpretive skills; training analysis and design for complex aircrew tasks; and implementation of instructional system development in the U.S. Army. This book will be invaluable to educators in the academic and military worlds.

Specifically tailored to life science students, this textbook explains quantitative aspects of human biophysics with examples drawn from contemporary physiology, genetics and nanobiology. It outlines important physical ideas, equations and examples at the heart of contemporary physiology, along with the organization necessary to understand that knowledge. The wide range of biophysical topics covered include energetics, bond formation and dissociation, diffusion and directed transport, muscle and connective tissue physics, fluid flow, membrane structure, electrical properties and transport, pharmacokinetics and system dynamics and stability. Enabling students to understand the uses of quantitation in modern biology, equations are presented in the context of their application, rather than derivation. They are each directed toward the understanding of a biological principle, with a particular emphasis on human biology. Supplementary resources, including a range of test questions, are available at www.cambridge.org/9781107001442.

The original title of this book, which was compiled from a series of lectures delivered in Edinburgh in October, 1884 by Mgr. Dillon, was The War of Antichrist with the Church and Christian Civilization. The author wrote it "in order to do his part in carrying out the instruction given by the Sovereign Pontiff in the Encyclical Humanum Genus when he called upon the pastors of souls, to whom it was addressed, to 'instruct the people as to the artifices used by societies of this kind in seducing men and enticing them into their ranks, and as to the depravity of their opinions and the wickedness of their acts'. Mgr. Dillon's work has already been honoured by the Holy Father himself with so marked and so unusual an approbation that there is no need for us to accord it any further praise than merely to take note of the fact. The book was presented to His Holiness, accompanied by an Italian version of its table of contents, and of long extracts from its principal sections, and Leo XIII was pleased to order that the Italian version should be completed, and the book printed and published at Rome at his own expense." (The Month, Sept. 1885). Despite the fact that the lectures were delivered by a Catholic prelate to an audience composed mainly of members of his own faith, we feel that the subject of international political skullduggery is one which cannot fail to interest Catholic and non-Catholic alike, the more so indeed since events in the course of the decades following the original publication of this book have confirmed the lecturer's thesis. The last four editions have appeared under the title of Grand Orient Freemasonry Unmasked. Mgr. Dillon does not speak explicitly of the two currents of thought and action proceeding from the Masonic French Revolution, namely, the current of Rousseauist-LockianMasonic Liberalism and the current of Socialism and Communism. Implicitly, however, he does so when, on the one hand, he foreshadows the United States of Europe and World Federalism and, on the other, quotes the infamous Declaration of the International in 1868. This Declaration, formulated at the International Congress held at Geneva in 1868 and quoted by Mgr. Dillon in his preface, is well worth reproducing, at least in part. It runs as follows: "The object of the International Association of Workmen, as of every other Socialist Association, is to do away with the parasite and the pariah. Now what parasite can be compared to the priest. "God and Christ, these citizen-Providences, have been at all times the armour of Capital and the most sanguinary enemies of the working classes. It is owing to God and to Christ that we remain to this day in slavery. It is by deluding us with lying hopes that the priests have caused us to accept all the sufferings of this earth. It is only after sweeping away all religion, and after tearing up even to the last roots every religious idea that we can arrive at our political and social ideal. "Down, then, with God and with Christ Down with the despots of heaven and earth Death to the priests Such is the motto of our grand crusade." In a note on page 20 of the original edition Mgr. Dillon returned to the question of the direction of Freemasonry, which he had mentioned in his preface. He there says: "The Jewish connection with modern Freemasonry is an established fact everywhere manifested in its history. The Jewish formulas employed by Freemasonry, the Jewish traditions which run through its ceremonial, point to a Jewish origin, or to the work of Jewish contrivers .... Who knows but behind the Atheism and desire of gain which impels them to urge on Christians to persecute the Church and destroy it, there lies a hidden hope to reconstruct their Temple, and in the darkest depths of secret society plotting there lurks a deeper society still which looks to a return to the land of Judah and to the rebuilding of the Temple of Jerusalem?"

Monsignor Dillon outlines how the Papacy has been attacked since the French Revolution by the Enemies of the Church, including the Freemasons and even Atheists. Dillon then describes in detail the Office for the Propagation of the Faith, also called the Propaganda and its holy work.

Italy is still preeminently a land of faith and fervour. Invasions, secret societies, revolutions, and persecutions have done their worst to make it otherwise during the past hundred years. Writers of books of travel, newspaper correspondents, and others who cater for the prevailing anti-Catholic prejudices of the majority of those who speak the English language, generally represent it as having grown at least indifferent, if not worse, under these trials. But the truth is that at no past period of its Christian history were the mass of the inhabitants of the country more attached to their religion, more firmly fixed in its principles, or more devoted to its practices than at the present moment. The writer of the following pages upon one of the most beautiful and useful manifestations of the faith of Italy, has had ample opportunity of witnessing what he here asserts. He visited that country for the first time early in the spring of the past year; and he confesses, he was prepared to see everywhere a great decay of religion in a nation where the Church had been universally plundered, where the Supreme Pontiff was dethroned and imprisoned, where the religious orders were suppressed, where the public observance of the Lord's Day and of many Christian practices had been legally abolished, where the recognition of Catholicity by the State was made a cruel farce, and where, in fine, the most formidable atheism the world has ever seen was, with supreme political power in its hands, astutely planning the eradication of Christianity from the social, political, and even individual life of the people.