Multibody dynamics started with the ideas of Jacob and Daniel Bernoul li and later on with d'Alembert's principle. In establishing a solution for the problem of the center of oscillation for a two-mass-pendulum Jacob Ber noulli spoke about balancing the profit-and-Ioss account with respect to the motion of the two masses. Daniel Bernoulli extended these ideas to a chain pendulum and called forces not contributing to the motion "lost forces," thus being already very close to d'Alembert's principle. D'Alembert considered a "system of bodies, which are interconnected in some arbitrary way. " He suggested separating the motion into two parts, one moving, the other being at rest. In modern terms, or at least in terms being applied in engineering mechanics, this means that the forces acting on a system of bodies are split into active and passive forces. Active forces generate motion, passive forces do not; they are a result of constraints. This interpretation of d'Alembert's principle is due to Lagrange and up to now has been the basis of multi body dynamics (D' Alembert, Traite de Dynamique, 1743; Lagrange, Mecanique Analytique, 1811). Thus, multibody dynamics started in France. During the nineteenth century there were few activities in the multi body field even though industry offered plenty of possible applications and famous re presentatives of mechanics were aware of the problems related to multibody dynamics. Poisson in his "Traite de Mecanique" (Paris 1833) gave an im pressive description of these problems, including impacts and friction."

This volume contains papers presented at the IUTAM Symposium on unilateral multibody contacts. Multibody systems very often include phenomena like impacts, stick-slip or time-variant kinematical loops which generate an unsteady behaviour of motion. Each of these unilateral phenomena alone leads to more complexity in analyzing the motion, and the situation becomes worse if such processes take place in multiple contacts of a multibody configuration, especially if these contacts are not decoupled by some force laws, for example. For these cases the complementary properties of contact dynamics and as a consequence the application of complementary algorithms allows the correct and consistent evaluation of the new constraint situation after each new contact event and avoids extensive combinational searches. The time-variant structure of such mechanical systems and thus the state-dependent change of the constraint combinations and the equations of motion afford special analytical and numerical treatment. Mathematical aspects can be characterized by linear complementarity problems (LCP) for plane contacts and by nonlinear complementarity problems (NLCP), homotopy or projection methods for spatial contacts. Worldwide, there exists an increasing scientific community dealing with these problems where, especially in Europe, the efforts are concentrated on the mathematical foundation, on applications for multibody dynamics and for FE-problems. This volume will be of interest to researchers and engineers in the field of applied mathematics, physical and mechanical sciences, and engineering.

Toward the end of World War II, Hitler's many health complications became even more pronounced, making an evil man yet more erratic and dangerous. While the subject of Hitler's health has been catalogued previously, never has it been done so this thoroughly or with this level of up-to-date medical expertise. Tom Hutton's new neurobehavioral analysis of Adolf Hitler draws from a lifetime of medical research and clinical experience to understand how the dictator's particular medical history further warped a deformed personality and altered Hitler's decision making. Dr. Hutton trained under the world-renowned neuropsychologist and father of modern neuropsychological assessment, Dr. Alexander Luria, giving him a uniquely qualified eye to undertake this most difficult assessment. While many books on the subject thumb through the annals of popular psychology to understand history's most famous monsters, Dr. Hutton's latest book uses contemporary clinical knowledge, lucidly synthesizing medical complexities for all audiences. Here Dr. Hutton undertakes a thorough medical history to elucidate a pivotal historical moment, examining how disease impacted Hitler's destructive life.

The first edition of Parkinson's Disease and Nonmotor Dysfunction was published in 2005 to provide a source of detailed information that could be readily accessed by the practicing physician. The widely praised first edition described and explained these nonmotor features that had at that point received insufficient attention both in the medical and in the lay literature. Since the publication of the first edition, awareness and knowledge of the nonmotor features of PD has dramatically expanded, calling for a new edition of this important title. Timely, fully updated and expanded, Parkinson's Disease and Nonmotor Dysfunction, Second Edition, offers a state-of-the-art overview of the topic from the same talented group of experienced researchers and clinicians who were the driving force behind the first edition. Importantly, a range of additional aspects of nonmotor dysfunction in PD -- such as dermatological, vestibular, and dental dysfunction -- have been included in this second edition, which remains subdivided into five diverse domains: Behavioral abnormalities, autonomic dysfunction, sleep-related dysfunction, sensory dysfunction, and other aspects of PD such as oculomotor dysfunction, fatigue, and maxillofacial issues. An invaluable contribution to the literature in movement disorders, this revised and expanded collection of contributions by an even larger contingent of superbly knowledgeable authors will further increase awareness of the manifold contributions that nonmotor features may make to the collective clinical picture experienced by the patient with PD.

As mechanical systems become more complex so do the mathematical models and simulations used to describe the interactions of their parts. One area of multibody theory that has received a great deal of attention in recent years is the dynamics of multiple contact situations occurring in continuous joints and couplings. Despite the rapid gains in our understanding of what occurs when continuous joints and couplings interact, until now there were no books devoted exclusively to this intriguing phenomenon. Focusing on the concerns of practicing engineers, Multibody Dynamics with Unilateral Contacts presents all theoretical and applied aspects of this subject relevant to a practical understanding of multiple unilateral contact situations in multibody mechanical systems.

In Part 1, Professor Pfeiffer and Dr. Glocker provide an exhaustive review of the laws and principles governing the dynamics of unilateral contacts in multibody mechanical and technical systems. Among the topics covered are multibody and contact kinematics, the dynamics of rigid body systems, multiple contact configurations, detachment and stick-slip transitions, frictionless impacts, impacts with friction, and the Corner law of contact dynamics.

In Part 2, the authors present numerous applications of the theories presented in Part 1. Each chapter in this part is devoted to a different law, theory, or model, such as discontinuous force laws, classical impact theory, Coulomb's friction law, and mechanical and mathematical models of impacts and friction. In addition, each chapter features several practical examples that allow engineers to observe the concepts described in action. Examples are drawn from a broad array of fields and range from hammering in gears as occurring in a synchronous generator to impacts and friction as observed in a child's woodpecker toy, from a demonstration of classical impact theory using an automobile gear box example, to Coulomb's friction law as applied to a turbine blade damper.

Multibody Dynamics with Unilateral Contacts is an indispensable resource for mechanical engineers working on all types of multibody systems and the friction and vibration problems that can occur in them. It is also a valuable reference for researchers studying nonlinear dynamics.

The only book devoted entirely to the theory and applications of onE of the most crucial aspects of multibody system design.

This is the first book to focus exclusively on the theory and applications of multiple contact situations occurring in continuous joints and couplings in multibody systems. As such, it is a valuable resource for engineers working on mechanical systems with interrelated multiple parts. Multibody Dynamics with Unilateral Contacts

• Provides a comprehensive examination of the laws and principles governing the dynamics of unilateral contacts in multibody mechanical and technical systems.
• Presents the latest mathematical models and simulation techniques for describing the interactions of joints and couplings in multibody systems.
• Describes practical applications for all the concepts covered.
• Includes numerous examples drawn from a wide range of fascinating and enlightening real-world demonstrations, including everything from an airplane's landing gear to a child's toy.

The emphasis of Hebrews was born out of the concern of the writer for those who had been true to Christ in the past but who were now wavering. Signs of defection from the faith brought both a warning against apostasy and a fervent exhortation to press onward to spiritual maturity. The epistle argues that the death of Christ renders obsolete the Old Testament sacrificial system and presupposes thorough familiarity with that system by those to whom the epistle is addressed. This strong appeal to the Old Testament Scriptures opens up new avenues of thought for appreciation for the unity of the two Testaments.
Dr. Pfeiffer's helpful commentary on this profound New Testament book systematically covers each passage while singling out difficult phrases and verses for special attention. This Everyman's Bible Commentary is based upon the scriptural text as found in the King James Version.

Von den fur die Wirtschafts-, Verfassungs-, Territorial- und Reichsgeschichte des Mittelalters bedeutsamen Institutionen ist kaum eine von der Forschung der letzten Jahrzehnte so vernachlassigt worden wie das Transitzollwesen. Dies gilt insbesondere fur die Rheinlande, denjenigen Teil des Reiches, der am dichtesten und mit den ertragreichsten Zollen ausgestattet war.
Die Untersuchung von F. Pfeiffer, die den Grundlagen des mittelalterlichen rheinischen Zollwesens in frankischer Zeit einen eigenen Groabschnitt widmet, umfat drei zentrale Komplexe: die systematische Erfassung und Bearbeitung aller rheinischen Transitzollstellen (Fluzolle bis 1500, Landzolle bis 1300), die Analyse der Zolltarifierung unter exemplarischer Zugrundelegung des Koblenzer Materials sowie die Zollpolitik des Konigtums und der territorialen Gewalten (jeweils bis ca. 1325), wobei im Mittelpunkt, ihrer beispiellosen wirtschaftlichen, fiskalischen und politischen Bedeutung entsprechend, die Rheinzolle stehen.
Die systematische, quellenkritische Auswertung des einschlagigen edierten und archivalischen Materials ergibt in Verknupfung von wirtschafts-, verfassungs-, landes- und reichsgeschichtlichen Fragestellungen und Methoden in nahezu allen genannten Bereichen wesentliche Korrekturen gangiger Auffassungen und stellt die Forschung zum mittelalterlichen rheinischen Transitzollwesen als einer zentralen Schnittstelle von "Staat" und "Wirtschaft" insgesamt auf neue und sichere Grundlagen.

Dieser Buchtitel ist Teil des Digitalisierungsprojekts Springer Book Archives mit Publikationen, die seit den Anfangen des Verlags von 1842 erschienen sind. Der Verlag stellt mit diesem Archiv Quellen fur die historische wie auch die disziplingeschichtliche Forschung zur Verfugung, die jeweils im historischen Kontext betrachtet werden mussen. Dieser Titel erschien in der Zeit vor 1945 und wird daher in seiner zeittypischen politisch-ideologischen Ausrichtung vom Verlag nicht beworben.

This informative volume highlights the "four hundred silent years," the intertestamental period, about which the Bible gives no information. Here is a popularly written account of this period, an overview that explains the forces that shaped the world in the centuries immediately preceding the birth of Christ. Both the Persian and Hellenistic eras are covered in broad but informative strokes, and special attention is given to the status and problems of Jews during these periods. After reading this work, Bible students will have gained a deepened understanding of the world towhich Christ came "in the fullness of time."