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While electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming increasingly popular.
Their low oil dependency and low emissions will significantly
benefit the environment. However, as demand increases for EVs,
their prevalence will also lead to two crucial consequences. First,
electric vehicles introduce a heavy load impact onto the power grid
by shifting energy demand from gasoline to electricity. The surging
load is likely to compromise the grid's reliability and jeopardize
its power supply quality. Second, charging stations become
indispensable infrastructure to support widescale deployment of
EVs. EVs will therefore find themselves competing for both power
supply and charging stations. Such competition can degrade quality
of service and thus compromise the original intent of advocating
electric vehicles. Sustainable Transportation with Electric
Vehicles investigates smart electric vehicle charging. It focuses
jointly on the quality of service for EV users and the stability
and reliability of the power grid. It lays out a solution framework
that addresses many of the key problems arising from both the lower
and upper levels. The proposed solutions are developed mainly using
techniques from the optimization, game theory, algorithmic, and
scheduling fields.
Real-time embedded systems are widely deployed in mission-critical
applications, such as avionics mission computing, highway traffic
control, remote patient monitoring, wireless communications,
navigation, etc. These applications always require their real-time
and embedded components to work in open and unpredictable
environments, where workload is volatile and unknown. In order to
guarantee the temporal correctness and avoid severe
underutilization or overload, it is of vital significance to
measure, control, and optimize the processor utilization
adaptively. This monograph examines utilization control and
optimization in real-time embedded systems. In many practical
real-time embedded applications, it is desired to keep the
processors' utilizations at the schedulable upper bounds. In this
way, the systems deliver their best Quality of Service (QoS), and,
at the same time, all real-time tasks remain schedulable. In order
to achieve this goal, the authors present several effective
solutions that adaptively adjust task rates and/or processor
frequencies to enforce the desired utilization. Feedback control
and optimization techniques have been leveraged to ensure that a
system is neither overloaded nor underutilized.
Datacenter Power Management in Smart Grids overviews recent work on
managing and minimizing the cost of data centers in the context of
smart grids. It starts by reviewing the operation of smart grids
and analyzing how power is consumed in datacenters. Then, it
presents various cost minimization approaches using techniques from
the fields of optimization, algorithmics, and feedback control. In
particular, it focuses on approaches that utilize time-of-use
pricing and demand response features to cut the datacenter
electricity cost. In a cloud computing environment, companies or
individuals offload their computing to the cloud, which is
supported by the computing infrastructure called datacenters. The
operation of these datacenters consumes large amounts of
electricity, bringing high costs and negatively impacting the
environment. In the mean time, a new kind of electrical grid, the
smart grid, is emerging. Smart grids enable two-way communications
between the power generators and the power consumers. Smart grid
technology brings many salient features to help deliver power
efficiently and reliably. While a lot of research has been
conducted on both datacenters and smart grids, Datacenter Power
Management in Smart Grids takes the novel approach of considering
both together and focuses on cost-aware datacenter power management
in the presence of smart grids. This work reviews recent
developments in this area and explains how a smart grid operates,
where power goes in datacenters, and, most importantly, how to
reduce the power cost and/or negative environmental impact when
operating datacenters.
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