Substitution and adulteration in traded herbal raw material are common practice in the herbal industry due to the extinction of required species, deforestation and incorrect taxonomical identification. Herbalists have adopted methods to create high quality adulteration which cannot be detected without performing microscopic examination or chemical analysis. It is difficult to establish specific quality control standards due to the complex nature and innate unpredictability of the chemical constituents of medicinal herbs.The main parameters for measurement and adulteration prevention in medicinal herbs are morphological and microscopic investigation, chemical profiling and DNA barcoding. The need for highly sensitive and more effective approaches for the authentication of medicinal herbs is necessary in order to promote the acceptance of herbal products. Adulteration In Traditional Medicinal Herbs is aimed at promoting awareness of adulteration in traditional herbal medicines for the worldwide scientific community. Parameters are established for the prevention of adulteration through classical and modern scientific tools. Valuable case studies are presented based on ethno-medicinal surveys performed in many herbal markets in Pakistan. Collections of various samples were obtained from these shops then compared with the original plants collected from field. Various phytochemical, organoleptic and DNA barcoding techniques were used in order to detect adulteration in the marketed herbal samples. This book is the first of its kind and is aimed at helping the scientific community to identify particular medicinal plants which are facing adulteration problems in herbal markets and to estimate the extent of adulteration and substitution in commonly used medicinal herbs.

Substitution and adulteration in traded herbal raw material are common practice in the herbal industry due to the extinction of required species, deforestation and incorrect taxonomical identification. Herbalists have adopted methods to create high quality adulteration which cannot be detected without performing microscopic examination or chemical analysis. It is difficult to establish specific quality control standards due to the complex nature and innate unpredictability of the chemical constituents of medicinal herbs.The main parameters for measurement and adulteration prevention in medicinal herbs are morphological and microscopic investigation, chemical profiling and DNA barcoding. The need for highly sensitive and more effective approaches for the authentication of medicinal herbs is necessary in order to promote the acceptance of herbal products. Adulteration In Traditional Medicinal Herbs is aimed at promoting awareness of adulteration in traditional herbal medicines for the worldwide scientific community. Parameters are established for the prevention of adulteration through classical and modern scientific tools. Valuable case studies are presented based on ethno-medicinal surveys performed in many herbal markets in Pakistan. Collections of various samples were obtained from these shops then compared with the original plants collected from field. Various phytochemical, organoleptic and DNA barcoding techniques were used in order to detect adulteration in the marketed herbal samples. This book is the first of its kind and is aimed at helping the scientific community to identify particular medicinal plants which are facing adulteration problems in herbal markets and to estimate the extent of adulteration and substitution in commonly used medicinal herbs.

Regeneration of plants from adventitious shoots is necessary for application of gene transfer technology and for somaclonal variation difference in metal uptake in in vivo and in vitro. The later purpose is particularly interesting for estimation of metal ions in in vitro culture of Momordica charantia.This study also leads to the conclusion that in vitro grown plants of Momordica charantia can behave as natural scavengers if planted to the chemically polluted soils on large scale in future.

The Ocimum sanctum plant, a native to tropical Asia, is a member of the Lamiaceae (mint) family, . Ocimum sanctum is also known as 'TULSI', which means 'The incomparable one'. It is also called as 'HOLY BASIL'.It has great health implications. It has been used in several ancient systems of medicines including Ayurveda, Greek, Roman, and Siddha for thousands of years. Throughout Indo-Pak subcontinent, Tulsi is considered "The Queen of Herbs" and is revered as a sacred plant infused with healing powers.

The present piece of work was an effort to find and isolate the bioactive compounds not only in naturally grown but also in in vitro grown cell and tissue lines of Mako under controlled environment and adjustable PGRs.The study of natural product's profile of tissue cultured plants using GC-MS, is a unique idea, adopted during the present work, which may lead to the production and identification of many novel bioactive compounds.

I see sadness in your eyes. Forget about dirty wars and the decline of values in our society and immerse yourself in some peaceful temporary body decorations. Use the stencils and secrets in this henna art book to indulge your creative streak and look and feel much more contented. Who knows - maybe tax breaks for people with henna art may be the next new legislation. Or, maybe not. This is an excellent course text book as it contains henna designs of various difficulty levels. 'If I were you I would scrap the idea of those real tattoos and get a temporary one.' 'Everyone loves Henna Art, if only I could make it taste like chocolate.' 'That horse didn't throw me off! It was the unspoilt beauty of your henna art.'