Cortisol is the principal active glucocorticoid produced by the human adrenal gland, which is the key regulator of whole-body homeostasis. Cortisol is essential for provision of nutrients to tissues via carbohydrate, protein, and lipid metabolism. It also affects all of the major systems of the body, including the cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, nervous, and immune systems, and play critical roles in fetal development. Secretion of cortisol is controlled by hypothalamus, pituitary and the adrenal gland. CRH released from the hypothalamus acts on pituitary gland to release ACTH, which acts on the adrenal gland to increase the synthesis and release of cortisol. This book focuses on the changes in plasma cortisol observed in adult male rabbits treated with monosodium glutamate. Monosodium glutamate, is the salt which is frequently used in daily life. This book demonstrates that how monosodium glutamate crosses the blood brain barrier; acts on the HPA axis; and consequently increases the plasma cortisol level.

Diabetes mellitus is a hyperglycemic clinical manifestation due to a dysfunction of metabolic systems (carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism) and is one of the most common disorders of endocrine. It is usually recognized as a result of the abnormal secretion of insulin by pancreatic -cells, inability of the insulin to stimulate the peripheral utilization (muscles and adipocytes) and increased endogenous glucose production by liver. DM is classified as Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. The cause of the Type 1 diabetes mellitus has been attributed to lower insulin level in the body due to autoimmune destruction of -cells. Alterations in male reproductive system have been widely reported in diabetic human and also in model animals with diabetes.This book focuses on the alloxan induced diabetes on male reproductive hormones and testicular histology in male rabbits. This book demonstrates the effects of diabetes on animal reproductive system; and will add new research and knowledge to the hazardous effects of diabetes that it contributes to the male rabbits.