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The notion of Endangerment stands at the heart of a network of
concepts, values and practices dealing with objects and beings
considered threatened by extinction, and with the procedures aimed
at preserving them. Usually animated by a sense of urgency and
citizenship, identifying endangered entities involves evaluating an
impending threat and opens the way for preservation strategies.
Endangerment, Biodiversity and Culture looks at some of the
fundamental ways in which this process involves science, but also
more than science: not only data and knowledge and institutions,
but also affects and values. Focusing on an "endangerment
sensibility," it encapsulates tensions between the normative and
the utilitarian, the natural and the cultural. The chapters situate
that specifically modern sensibility in historical perspective, and
examine central aspects of its recent and present forms.This timely
volume offers the most cutting-edge insights into the Environmental
Humanities for researchers working in Environmental Studies,
History, Anthropology, Sociology and Science and Technology
Studies.
The notion of Endangerment stands at the heart of a network of
concepts, values and practices dealing with objects and beings
considered threatened by extinction, and with the procedures aimed
at preserving them. Usually animated by a sense of urgency and
citizenship, identifying endangered entities involves evaluating an
impending threat and opens the way for preservation strategies.
Endangerment, Biodiversity and Culture looks at some of the
fundamental ways in which this process involves science, but also
more than science: not only data and knowledge and institutions,
but also affects and values. Focusing on an "endangerment
sensibility," it encapsulates tensions between the normative and
the utilitarian, the natural and the cultural. The chapters situate
that specifically modern sensibility in historical perspective, and
examine central aspects of its recent and present forms.This timely
volume offers the most cutting-edge insights into the Environmental
Humanities for researchers working in Environmental Studies,
History, Anthropology, Sociology and Science and Technology
Studies.
Being Brains offers a critical exploration of neurocentrism, the
belief that "we are our brains," which became widespread in the
1990s. Encouraged by advances in neuroimaging, the humanities and
social sciences have taken a "neural turn," in the form of
neuro-subspecialties in fields such as anthropology, aesthetics,
education, history, law, sociology, and theology. Dubious but
successful commercial enterprises such as "neuromarketing" and
"neurobics" have emerged to take advantage of the heightened
sensitivity to all things neuro. While neither hegemonic nor
monolithic, the neurocentric view embodies a powerful ideology that
is at the heart of some of today's most important philosophical,
ethical, scientific, and political debates. Being Brains, chosen as
2018 Outstanding Book in the History of the Neurosciences by the
International Society for the History of the Neurosciences,
examines the internal logic of such ideology, its genealogy, and
its main contemporary incarnations.
Fernando Vidal's trailblazing text on the origins of psychology
traces the development of the discipline from its appearance in the
late sixteenth century to its redefinition at the end of the
seventeenth and its emergence as an institutionalized field in the
eighteenth. Originally published in 2011, The Sciences of the Soul
continues to be of wide importance in the history and philosophy of
psychology, the history of the human sciences more generally, and
in the social and intellectual history of eighteenth-century
Europe.
Being Brains offers a critical exploration of neurocentrism, the
belief that "we are our brains," which became widespread in the
1990s. Encouraged by advances in neuroimaging, the humanities and
social sciences have taken a "neural turn," in the form of
neuro-subspecialties in fields such as anthropology, aesthetics,
education, history, law, sociology, and theology. Dubious but
successful commercial enterprises such as "neuromarketing" and
"neurobics" have emerged to take advantage of the heightened
sensitivity to all things neuro. While neither hegemonic nor
monolithic, the neurocentric view embodies a powerful ideology that
is at the heart of some of today's most important philosophical,
ethical, scientific, and political debates. Being Brains, chosen as
2018 Outstanding Book in the History of the Neurosciences by the
International Society for the History of the Neurosciences,
examines the internal logic of such ideology, its genealogy, and
its main contemporary incarnations.
Neurocultures offers "glimpses" into an expanding universe of
knowledge, beliefs and practices characterized by the conviction
that human activity is governed by the structure and functioning of
the brain. The 1990s were the Decade of the Brain, and the first
hundred years of the new millennium have been proclaimed its
Century. Described as the most complex of all organs, the brain has
become a major icon of contemporary culture. Brain imaging
technologies are used in a large number of disciplines, and are
increasingly applied in settings of potential social and legal
relevance. It is often proclaimed that the neurosciences will bring
about major transformations in notions and practices of the human
in areas as diverse as spirituality and self-help, marketing, the
law, education, or the classification and treatment of mental
disease. Neurocultures explores these expectations, their history,
their contexts, and the debates they raise, in a broad range of
fields, including enhancement, meditation, neuroethics, the "social
brain", psychedelic research, psychoanalysis, psychiatric and
neurological conditions, and cinema and literature.
Performing Brains on Screen deals with film enactments and
representations of the belief that human beings are essentially
their brains, a belief that embodies one of the most influential
modern ways of understanding the human. Films have performed brains
in two chief ways: by turning physical brains into protagonists, as
in the "brain movies" of the 1950s, which show terrestrial or
extra-terrestrial disembodied brains carrying out their evil
intentions; or by giving brains that remain unseen inside someone's
head an explicitly major role, as in brain transplantation films or
their successors since the 1980s, in which brain contents are
transferred and manipulated by means of information technology.
Through an analysis of filmic genres and particular movies,
Performing Brains on Screen documents this neglected filmic
universe, and demonstrates how the cinema has functioned as a
cultural space where a core notion of the contemporary world has
been rehearsed and problematized.
The great Swiss psychologist and theorist Jean Piaget (1896-1980)
had much to say about the developing mind. He also had plenty to
say about his own development, much of it, as Fernando Vidal shows,
plainly inaccurate. In the first truly historical biography of
Piaget, Vidal tells the story of the psychologist's intellectual
and personal development up to 1918. By exploring the
philosophical, religious, political, and social influences on the
psychologist's early life, Vidal alters our basic assumptions about
the origins of Piaget's thinking and his later psychology. The
resulting profile is strikingly dissimilar to Piaget's own
retrospective version. In Piaget's own account, as an adolescent he
was a precocious scientist dedicated to questions of epistemology.
Here we find him also - and increasingly - concerned with the
foundations of religious faith and knowledge, immersed in social
and political matters, and actively involved in Christian and
socialist groups. Far from being devoted solely to the
classification of mollusks, the young Piaget was a vocal champion
of Henri Bergson's philosophy of creative evolution, an interest
that figured much more prominently in his later thinking than did
his early work in natural history. We see him during World War I
chastising conservatism and nationalism, espousing equality and
women's rights, and advocating the role of youth in the birth of a
new Christianity. In his detailed account of Jean Piaget's
childhood and adolescence - enriched by the intellectual and
cultural landscape of turn-of-the-century Neuchatel - Vidal reveals
a little-known Piaget, a youth whose struggle to reconcile science
and faith adds a new dimension to our understandingof the great
psychologist's life, thought, and work.
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