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Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not
used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad
quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are
images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to
keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the
original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain
imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made
available for future generations to enjoy.
Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not
used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad
quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are
images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to
keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the
original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain
imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made
available for future generations to enjoy.
Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not
used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad
quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are
images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to
keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the
original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain
imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made
available for future generations to enjoy.
Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not
used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad
quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are
images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to
keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the
original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain
imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made
available for future generations to enjoy.
Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not
used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad
quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are
images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to
keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the
original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain
imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made
available for future generations to enjoy.
Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not
used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad
quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are
images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to
keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the
original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain
imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made
available for future generations to enjoy.
Written as a teaching aid for graduate and undergraduate math
students, Florian Cajori's comprehensive 1896 survey of mathematics
from Babylonian to modern times makes for a fascinating read. (Did
you know that the decimal system is based on our having ten fingers
and toes?) Beginning with the number systems of antiquity,
continuing through the Hindu and Arabic influence on medieval
thought, and concluding with an overview of trends in modern
mathematical teaching, this is an invaluable work not only for
students and educators but for readers of the history of human
thought as well. Swiss-American author, educator, and mathematician
FLORIAN CAJORI (1859-1930) was one of the world's most
distinguished mathematical historians. Appointed to a specially
created chair in the history of mathematics at the University of
California, Berkeley, he also wrote An Introduction to the Theory
of Equations, A History of Mathematical Notations, and The
Chequered Career of Ferdinand Rudolph Hassler.
Originally published in 1893. PREFACE: AN increased interest in the
history of the exact sciences manifested in recent years by
teachers everywhere, and the attention given to historical inquiry
in the mathematical class-rooms and seminaries of our leading
universities, cause me to believe that a brief general History of
Mathematics will be found acceptable to teachers and students. The
pages treating necessarily in a very condensed form of the progress
made during the present century, are put forth with great
diffidence, although I have spent much time in the effort to render
them accurate and reasonably complete. Many valuable suggestions
and criti cisms on the chapter on quot B ecent Times quot have been
made by, I r. E. W. Davis, of the University of Nebraska.
...FLORIAN CAJOBL COLORADO COLLEGE, December, 1893. Contents
include: PAGE INTRODUCTION 1, ANTIQUITY 5 THE BABYLONIANS 5 THE
EGYPTIANS 9 THE GREEKS 16 Greek Geometry 16 The Ionic School 17 The
School of Pythagoras 19 The Sophist School 23 The Platonic School
29 The First Alexandrian School 34 The Second Alexandrian School 54
Greek Arithmetic 63 TUB ROMANS 77 MIDDLE AGES 84 THE HINDOOS 84 THE
ARABS 100 EtJBOPE DURING THE MIDDLE AOES 117 Introduction of Roman
Mathematics 117 Translation of Arabic Manuscripts 124 The First
Awakening and its Sequel 128 MODERN EUROPE 138 THE RENAISSANCE . .
. . 189 VIETA TO DJCSOARTES DBSGARTES TO NEWTON 183 NEWTON TO EULER
199 EULER, LAGRANGE, AND LAPLACE 246 The Origin of Modern Geometry
285 RECENT TIMES 291 SYNTHETIC GEOMETRY 293 ANALYTIC GEOMETRY 307
ALGEBRA 315 ANALYSIS 331 THEORY OP FUNCTIONS 347 THEORY OF NUMBERS
362 APPLIED MATHEMATICS 373 INDEX 405 BOOKS OF REFEKENCE. The
following books, pamphlets, and articles have been used in the
preparation of this history. Reference to any of them is made in
the text by giving the respective number. Histories marked with a
star are the only ones of which extensive use has been made. 1.
GUNTHER, S. Ziele tmd Hesultate der neueren Mathematisch-his
torischen JForschung. Erlangen, 1876. 2. CAJTOEI, F. The Teaching
and History of Mathematics in the U. S. Washington, 1890. 3.
CANToit, MORITZ. Vorlesungen uber Gfeschichte der MathematiJc.
Leipzig. Bel I., 1880 Bd. II., 1892. 4. EPPING, J. Astronomisches
aus Babylon. Unter Mitwirlcung von P. J. K. STUASSMAIER. Freiburg,
1889. 5. BituTHOHNKiDfflR, C. A. Die Qeometrie und die G-eometer
vor Eukli des. Leipzig, 1870. 6. Gow, JAMES. A Short History of
Greek Mathematics. Cambridge, 1884. 7. HANKBL, HERMANN. Zur
Gfeschichte der MathematiJc im Alterthum und Mittelalter. Leipzig,
1874. 8. ALLMAN, G. J. G-reek G-eometr y from Thales to JEuclid.
Dublin, 1889. 9. DB MORGAN, A. quot Euclides quot in Smith s
Dictionary of Greek and Itoman Biography and Mythology. 10.
Described even today as "unsurpassed," this history of mathematical
notation stretching back to the Babylonians and Egyptians is one of
the most comprehensive written. In two impressive volumes-first
published in 1928-9-distinguished mathematician Florian Cajori
shows the origin, evolution, and dissemination of each symbol and
the competition it faced in its rise to popularity or fall into
obscurity. Illustrated with more than a hundred diagrams and
figures, this "mirror of past and present conditions in
mathematics" will give students and historians a whole new
appreciation for "1 + 1 = 2." Swiss-American author, educator, and
mathematician FLORIAN CAJORI (1859-1930) was one of the world's
most distinguished mathematical historians. Appointed to a
specially created chair in the history of mathematics at the
University of California, Berkeley, he also wrote An Introduction
to the Theory of Equations, A History of Elementary Mathematics,
and The Chequered Career of Ferdinand Rudolph Hassler.
This Is A New Release Of The Original 1907 Edition.
This Is A New Release Of The Original 1907 Edition.
2011 Reprint of 1928 Edition. Full facsimile of the original
edition, not reproduced with Optical Recognition Software.
Illustrated with 31 illustrations. Florian Cajori was one of the
most celebrated historians of mathematics in his day. Cajori
emigrated to the United States at the age of sixteen. He received a
Ph.D. at Tulane University, where he taught for a few years before
settling in Berkeley. Even today his "History of Mathematical
Notations" has been described as "unsurpassed." In 1918, he was
appointed to a specially created chair in history of mathematics at
the University of California, Berkeley. He remained in Berkeley,
California until his death in 1930. "The Early Mathematical
Sciences in North and South America" covers the contributions made
in the field of mathematics by early practitioners in North and
South America. He begins with the Mayan system of numbers, and the
book contains chapters on Practical Astronomy and Surveying,
Meridian Measurements of the Earth, Transit of Venus, 1761 to 1769,
Comets, Almanacs, Orreries, Earliest Permanent Observation in
America, Physics, Societies, Academies and Journals.
This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book
may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages,
poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the
original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We
believe this work is culturally important, and despite the
imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of
our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works
worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in
the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.
Described even today as "unsurpassed," this history of mathematical
notation stretching back to the Babylonians and Egyptians is one of
the most comprehensive written. In two impressive volumes, first
published in 1928-9 and reproduced here under one cover,
distinguished mathematician Florian Cajori shows the origin,
evolution, and dissemination of each symbol and the competition it
faced in its rise to popularity or fall into obscurity. Illustrated
with more than a hundred diagrams and figures, this "mirror of past
and present conditions in mathematics" will give students and
historians a whole new appreciation for "1 + 1 = 2." Swiss-American
author, educator, and mathematician FLORIAN CAJORI (1859-1930) was
one of the world's most distinguished mathematical historians.
Appointed to a specially created chair in the history of
mathematics at the University of California, Berkeley, he also
wrote An Introduction to the Theory of Equations, A History of
Mathematical Notations, and The Chequered Career of Ferdinand
Rudolph Hassler.
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