With advances in medicine and medical innovation, the face of neurosurgery has changed dramatically. A new era of surgeons values the need to undertake research in everyday practice and actively participate in the clinic and laboratory in order to improve patient prognosis. Highlighting the principles of basic neuroscience and its application to neurosurgical disease, this book breaks down neurological conditions into current academic themes and advances. The book is split into two sections, with the first covering basic and computational neuroscience including neuroanatomy, synaptic transmission and the growing use of artificial intelligence. The second section concentrates on specific conditions, such as gliomas, spinal tumors, and peripheral nerve injury. Outlining the clinical and pathophysiological principles of neurological conditions, this valuable book describes key animal models, helping clinicians design and conduct appropriate research projects to further knowledge and improve prognosis.