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This book provides a comprehensive overview of metabonomics and gut
microbiota research from molecular analysis to population-based
global health considerations. The topics include the discussion of
the applications in relation to metabonomics and gut microbiota in
nutritional research, in health and disease and a review of future
therapeutical, nutraceutical and clinical applications. It also
examines the translatability of systems biology approaches into
applied clinical research and to patient health and nutrition. The
rise in multifactorial disorders, the lack of understanding of the
molecular processes at play and the needs for disease prediction in
asymptomatic conditions are some of the many questions that system
biology approaches are well suited to address. Achieving this goal
lies in our ability to model and understand the complex web of
interactions between genetics, metabolism, environmental factors
and gut microbiota. Being the most densely populated microbial
ecosystem on earth, gut microbiota co-evolved as a key component of
human biology, essentially extending the physiological definition
of humans. Major advances in microbiome research have shown that
the contribution of the intestinal microbiota to the overall health
status of the host has been so far underestimated. Human host gut
microbial interaction is one of the most significant human health
considerations of the present day with relevance for both
prevention of disease via microbiota-oriented environmental
protection as well as strategies for new therapeutic approaches
using microbiota as targets and/or biomarkers. In many aspects,
humans are not a complete and fully healthy organism without their
appropriate microbiological components. Increasingly, scientific
evidence identifies gut microbiota as a key biological interface
between human genetics and environmental conditions encompassing
nutrition. Microbiota dysbiosis or variation in metabolic activity
has been associated with metabolic deregulation (e.g. obesity,
inflammatory bowel disease), disease risk factor (e.g. coronary
heart disease) and even the aetiology of various pathologies (e.g.
autism, cancer), although causal role into impaired metabolism
still needs to be established. Metabonomics and Gut Microbiota in
Nutrition and Disease serves as a handbook for postgraduate
students, researchers in life sciences or health sciences,
scientists in academic and industrial environments working in
application areas as diverse as health, disease, nutrition,
microbial research and human clinical medicine.
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