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One of the holy grails in biology is the ability to predict
functional characteristics from an organism's genetic sequence.
Despite decades of research since the first sequencing of an
organism in 1995, scientists still do not understand exactly how
the information in genes is converted into an organism's phenotype,
its physical characteristics. Functional genomics attempts to make
use of the vast wealth of data from "-omics" screens and projects
to describe gene and protein functions and interactions. A February
2020 workshop was held to determine research needs to advance the
field of functional genomics over the next 10-20 years. Speakers
and participants discussed goals, strategies, and technical needs
to allow functional genomics to contribute to the advancement of
basic knowledge and its applications that would benefit society.
This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from
the workshop. Table of Contents Front Matter 1 Introduction 2 The
GenotypePhenotype Challenge 3 Case Studies on Building Functional
Genomics Tools in Diverse Systems 4 Understanding the Contributions
of Non-Protein-Coding DNA to Phenotype 5 Advancing Research on the
Environmental Regulation of Gene Function 6 Predicting Current and
Future Sources of Variation in Quantitative Traits 7 Interpreting
and Validating Results from High-Throughput Screening Approaches 8
Large Databases and Consortia 9 Big-Picture Challenges in Research,
Education, and Training 10 Future of Functional Genomics References
Appendix A: Statement of Task Appendix B: Workshop Agenda Appendix
C: Planning Committee Biographies Appendix D: Speaker Biographies
Appendix E: Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Gain-of-Function Research - Summary of the Second Symposium, March 10-11, 2016 (Paperback)
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Policy and Global Affairs, Committee on Science, Technology, and Law, Health and Medicine Division, Board on Health Sciences Policy, …
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On March 10-11, 2016, the National Academies of Sciences,
Engineering, and Medicine held a public symposium on potential U.S.
government policies for the oversight of gain-of- function (GOF)
research. This was the Academies' second meeting held at the
request of the U.S. government to provide a mechanism to engage the
life sciences community and the broader public and solicit feedback
on optimal approaches to ensure effective federal oversight of GOF
research as part of a broader U.S. government deliberative process.
The first symposium, held in December 2014, examined the underlying
scientific and technical questions surrounding the potential risks
and benefits of GOF research involving pathogens with pandemic
potential. The second symposium focused on discussion of the draft
recommendations regarding GOF research of a Working Group of the
National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity. This report
summarizes the key issues and ideas identified during the second
symposium. Table of Contents Front Matter 1 Introduction 2 The
Draft National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity Policy
Framework, the Risk and Benefit Assessment, and Insights for the
Policy Process 3 Issues for U.S. Policy 4 International Policy 5
Summing Up Bibliography Appendix A: Board and Committee Members of
Collaborating Units Appendix B: Committee Biographies Appendix C:
Symposium Agenda Appendix D: Speaker and Panelist Biographies
Appendix E: List of Attendees
Quantum concepts hold the potential to enable significant advances
in sensing and imaging technologies that could be vital to the
study of biological systems. The workshop Quantum Science Concepts
in Enhancing Sensing and Imaging Technologies: Applications for
Biology, held online March 8-10, 2021, was organized to examine the
research and development needs to advance biological applications
of quantum technology. Hosted by the National Academies of
Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, the event brought together
experts working on state-of-the-art, quantum-enabled technologies
and scientists who are interested in applying these technologies to
biological systems. Through talks, panels, and discussions, the
workshop facilitated a better understanding of the current and
future biological applications of quantum-enabled technologies in
fields such as microbiology, molecular biology, cell biology, plant
science, mycology, and many others. This publication summarizes the
presentation and discussion of the workshop. Table of Contents
Front Matter Overview 1 Introduction 2 Quantum in Biology 3 Quantum
for Biology 4 Biology for Quantum 5 Education, Training, and
Workforce Needs References Appendix A: Statement of Task Appendix
B: Workshop Agenda Appendix C: Organizing Committee Biographies
Appendix D: Poster Presentations Appendix E: Acronyms and
Abbreviations Appendix F: Tools and Technologies
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