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This book discusses how scientific and other types of cognition
make use of models, abduction, and explanatory reasoning in order
to produce important and innovative changes in theories and
concepts. Gathering revised contributions presented at the
international conference on Model-Based Reasoning (MBR18), held on
October 24-26 2018 in Seville, Spain, the book is divided into
three main parts. The first focuses on models, reasoning, and
representation. It highlights key theoretical concepts from an
applied perspective, and addresses issues concerning information
visualization, experimental methods, and design. The second part
goes a step further, examining abduction, problem solving, and
reasoning. The respective papers assess different types of
reasoning, and discuss various concepts of inference and creativity
and their relationship with experimental data. In turn, the third
part reports on a number of epistemological and technological
issues. By analyzing possible contradictions in modern research and
describing representative case studies, this part is intended to
foster new discussions and stimulate new ideas. All in all, the
book provides researchers and graduate students in the fields of
applied philosophy, epistemology, cognitive science, and artificial
intelligence alike with an authoritative snapshot of the latest
theories and applications of model-based reasoning.
This book discusses how scientific and other types of cognition
make use of models, abduction, and explanatory reasoning in order
to produce important and innovative changes in theories and
concepts. Gathering revised contributions presented at the
international conference on Model-Based Reasoning (MBR18), held on
October 24-26 2018 in Seville, Spain, the book is divided into
three main parts. The first focuses on models, reasoning, and
representation. It highlights key theoretical concepts from an
applied perspective, and addresses issues concerning information
visualization, experimental methods, and design. The second part
goes a step further, examining abduction, problem solving, and
reasoning. The respective papers assess different types of
reasoning, and discuss various concepts of inference and creativity
and their relationship with experimental data. In turn, the third
part reports on a number of epistemological and technological
issues. By analyzing possible contradictions in modern research and
describing representative case studies, this part is intended to
foster new discussions and stimulate new ideas. All in all, the
book provides researchers and graduate students in the fields of
applied philosophy, epistemology, cognitive science, and artificial
intelligence alike with an authoritative snapshot of the latest
theories and applications of model-based reasoning.
The papers that constitute the present volume are a result of the
interface between logic and knowledge where flow of information,
agentivity, and the dialogical approach interweave in new and
exciting ways in the context of what van Benthem calls the dynamic
turn. Moreover one can read the present volume as providing
different complementary variations and perspectives that should
motivate and render future new cross-fertilizing dialogues between
explicit epistemic and dialogical approaches. Indeed, according to
this reading we could distinguish the following pairs of
interlocutors: While the paper of F. Soler-Toscano & F.R.
Velazquez-Quesada and Laura Leonides explore the dynamics induced
by the arrival of new information in scientific processes such as
abduction by means of non-monotonic approaches to reasoning and
knowledge, V. Fiutek studies the other side of the coin of
non-monotonic reasoning, namely belief revision, in a dialogical
setting. While the paper of P. Seban and H. van Ditmarsch develops
a model theoretic semantics for a generalization of Public
Announcement Logic (PAL) in order to formalize the concept of
'having the permission to say something to somebody'. S. Magnier
provides the semantic basis for the dialogical perspective on
multi-agent public announcement logic with common knowledge. While
the paper of T. Tulenheimo explores the expressivity of
interval-based temporal logic, N. Clerbout studies the expressivity
of the dialogical approach in relation to a modal logic with
actuality operator. Another study of the expressivity power of
dialogical logic is the contribution of Fontaine and Redmond who
show how the inferential properties of the standard free logics can
be expressed in the dialogical framework by delving in the local
meaning of the quantifiers. The papers of C. Bares Gomez and of
Aude Popek present a new feature of the dynamic turn, namely its
sensitivity and ability to deal with historic studies such as the
study of conditionals in Ugaritic language and the reconstruction
of the medieval theory of Obligationes.
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