This volume focuses on isotopic signatures of volatile elements as tracers for evolutionary processes during the formation of the Sun and the planets from an interstellar molecular cloud and, in turn, illuminates how the isotopic compositions of the present-day solar system objects have been established.
The book is an integrated collection of articles by experts in planetary science, solar and plasma physics, astrophysics, mineralogy and chemistry that met for an interdisciplinary workshop at the International Space Science Institute in Bern in January 2002. The authors present analyses of isotope abundance ratios for volatile elements in the sun, planets, satellites, comets, meteorites and interplanetary dust particles, as well as a review of isotopic ratios in star-forming interstellar clouds. This provides insight into the physical and chemical processes in the pre-solar molecular cloud that collapsed to form the Sun and the solar accretion disk. Furthermore, information is presented on dynamical processes and conditions inside this protoplanetary disk, in particular the degree of reprocessing of interstellar solid material, the formation of solids inside the disks, and the formation of terrestrial and giant planets and their satellites. Isotopic fractionation processes discussed in this book include chemical reactions such as ion-molecule and photochemical reactions, nuclear processes inside the sun and in its atmosphere, plasma processes, gravitational escape of gases from planetary atmospheres exposed to the solar wind and solar radiation, thermodynamic processes, a variety of accretion and adsorption processes and mixing of material from the interstellar environment with the material of the evolving solar system.
The volume is intended to provide active researchers in the fields of planetary science and space physics with an up-to-date status report on the topic, and also to serve graduate students with introductory material into the field.

This volume focuses on isotopic signatures of volatile elements as tracers for evolutionary processes during the formation of the Sun and the planets from an interstellar molecular cloud and, in turn, illuminates how the isotopic compositions of the present-day solar system objects have been established.
The book is an integrated collection of articles by experts in planetary science, solar and plasma physics, astrophysics, mineralogy and chemistry that met for an interdisciplinary workshop at the International Space Science Institute in Bern in January 2002. The authors present analyses of isotope abundance ratios for volatile elements in the sun, planets, satellites, comets, meteorites and interplanetary dust particles, as well as a review of isotopic ratios in star-forming interstellar clouds. This provides insight into the physical and chemical processes in the pre-solar molecular cloud that collapsed to form the Sun and the solar accretion disk. Furthermore, information is presented on dynamical processes and conditions inside this protoplanetary disk, in particular the degree of reprocessing of interstellar solid material, the formation of solids inside the disks, and the formation of terrestrial and giant planets and their satellites. Isotopic fractionation processes discussed in this book include chemical reactions such as ion-molecule and photochemical reactions, nuclear processes inside the sun and in its atmosphere, plasma processes, gravitational escape of gases from planetary atmospheres exposed to the solar wind and solar radiation, thermodynamic processes, a variety of accretion and adsorption processes and mixing of material from the interstellar environment with the material of the evolving solar system.
The volume is intended to provide active researchers in the fields of planetary science and space physics with an up-to-date status report on the topic, and also to serve graduate students with introductory material into the field.

a c 9 h In presenting this monograph, I would like to indicate both its orientation as well as my personal reasons for being interested in discrete iterations (that is, iterations on a generally very large, jinite set). While working in numerical analysis I have been interested in two main aspects: - the algorithmic aspect: an iterative algorithm is a mathematical entity which behaves in a dynamic fashion. Even if it is started far from a solution, it will often tend to get closer and closer. - the mathematical aspect: this consists of a coherent and rigorous analy sis of convergence, with the aid of mathematical tools (these tools are mainly the use of norms for convergence proofs, the use of matrix algebra and so on). One may for example refer to the algorithmic and mathematical aspects of Newton's method in JRn as well as to the QR algorithm for eigenvalues of matrices. These two algorithms seem to me to be the most fascinating algorithms in numerical analysis, since both show a remarkable practical efficiency even though there exist relatively few global convergence results for them."

Un systeme dynamique discret est un ensemble fini d'elements, prenant chacun un nombre fini d'etats, et evoluant, dans un temps discret, par interactions mutuelles. Ce livre est consacre a l'analyse de la dynamique temporelle de tels systemes. Grace a des outils de metrique discrete, on etablit des resultats de convergence globale (contraction booleenne) convergence locale vers un point fixe ou vers un cycle, et ceci pour differents modes operatoires.

Due to the very old age and scarcity of this book, many of the pages may be hard to read due to the blurring of the original text.

Due to the very old age and scarcity of this book, many of the pages may be hard to read due to the blurring of the original text.

." . . first history of Louisiana which merits this name." -Marc de Villiers du Terrage, author of Les Dernieres Annees de la Louisiane Francaise Francois Xavier Martin's The History of Louisiana is considered to be the first written history of the state. It expands upon Louisiana's rise to statehood, beginning with the discovery of America and culminating in the War of 1812. Martin wrote the book as a way to preserve Louisiana's history and culture for future generations. This edition provides a complete index, an introduction by Professor Robert C. Reinders, and a biography of the author by Judge W. W. Howe. The History of Louisiana traces the original expulsion of the French, the subsequent Spanish rule, the influences of the French Napoleonic code on the English rule, and the repercussions of the Louisiana Purchase. It provides information on the internal and external struggles that Louisiana encountered as a territory and their effects on the shape of the state's culture. Martin navigates Louisiana written law and provides an explanation of the rules and regulations that were implemented.