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The military alliance between the United States and Brazil played a
critical role in the outcome of World War II, and yet it is largely
overlooked in historiography of the war. In this definitive
account, Frank McCann investigates Brazilian-American military
relations from the 1930s through the years after the alliance ended
in 1977. The two countries emerge as imbalanced giants with often
divergent objectives and expectations. They nevertheless managed to
form the Brazilian Expeditionary Force and a fighter squadron that
fought in Italy under American command, making Brazil the only
Latin American country to commit troops to the war. With the
establishment of the US Air Force base in Natal, Northeast Brazil
become a vital staging area for air traffic supplying Allied forces
in the Middle East and Asian theaters. McCann deftly analyzes newly
opened Brazilian archives and declassified American intelligence
files to offer a more nuanced account of how this alliance changed
the course of World War II, and how the relationship deteriorated
in the aftermath of the war.
The military alliance between the United States and Brazil played a
critical role in the outcome of World War II, and yet it is largely
overlooked in historiography of the war. In this definitive
account, Frank McCann investigates Brazilian-American military
relations from the 1930s through the years after the alliance ended
in 1977. The two countries emerge as imbalanced giants with often
divergent objectives and expectations. They nevertheless managed to
form the Brazilian Expeditionary Force and a fighter squadron that
fought in Italy under American command, making Brazil the only
Latin American country to commit troops to the war. With the
establishment of the US Air Force base in Natal, Northeast Brazil
become a vital staging area for air traffic supplying Allied forces
in the Middle East and Asian theaters. McCann deftly analyzes newly
opened Brazilian archives and declassified American intelligence
files to offer a more nuanced account of how this alliance changed
the course of World War II, and how the relationship deteriorated
in the aftermath of the war.
Getulio Dornelles Vargas established his dictatorship in Brazil in
1937, and from 1938 through 1940 American diplomats and military
planners were preoccupied with the possibility that Brazil might
ally herself with Nazi Germany. Such an alliance would have made
fortress America vulnerable and closed the South Atlantic to Allied
shipping. Fortunately for America, Brazil eventually joined the
Allies and American engineers turned Northeast Brazil into a vast
springboard for supplies for the war fronts. Frank D. McCann has
used previously inaccessible Brazilian archival material to discuss
the events during the Vargas regime which brought about a close
alliance between Brazil and the United States and resulted in
Brazil's economic, political, and military dependence on her
powerful North American ally. He shows that until 1940 the drive
for closer union came largely from Brazil, which wanted to offset
the shifting alliances of the Spanish-speaking countries and escape
from British economic domination. American interest in Brazil
increased during the 1930's as the U.S. turned to Latin America to
recoup losses in foreign trade and as Washington began to fear that
Nazism and Fascism would spread to South America. By 1940 the
nature of Brazil's relationship with the United States made it
impossible for Brazil to remain neutral. Frank McCann's analysis of
Brazil's decision to join the Allies affords a view of the
diplomatic uses of economic and military aid, which became a
feature of diplomacy in the postwar years. It also provides
insights into the military's influence on foreign policy, and into
the functioning of Vargas' Estado Novo. Originally published in
1974. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand
technology to again make available previously out-of-print books
from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press.
These editions preserve the original texts of these important books
while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions.
The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase
access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of
books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in
1905.
This book provides an authoritative history of the Brazilian army
from the army's overthrow of the monarchy in 1889 to its support of
the coup that established Brazil's first civilian dictatorship in
1937. The period between these two events laid the political
foundations of modern Brazil-a period in which the army served as
the core institution of an expanding and modernizing Brazilian
state. The book is based on detailed research in Brazilian,
British, American, and French archives, and on numerous interviews
with surviving military and civilian leaders. It also makes
extensive use of hitherto unused internal army documents, as well
as of private correspondence and diaries. It is thus able to shed
new light on the army's personnel and ethos, on its ties with
civilian elites, on the consequences of military
professionalization, and on how the army reinvented itself after
the collapse of its command structure in the crisis of 1930-a
reinvention that allowed the army to become the backbone of the
post-1937 dictatorship of Getulio Vargas.
Getulio Dornelles Vargas established his dictatorship in Brazil in
1937, and from 1938 through 1940 American diplomats and military
planners were preoccupied with the possibility that Brazil might
ally herself with Nazi Germany. Such an alliance would have made
fortress America vulnerable and closed the South Atlantic to Allied
shipping. Fortunately for America, Brazil eventually joined the
Allies and American engineers turned Northeast Brazil into a vast
springboard for supplies for the war fronts. Frank D. McCann has
used previously inaccessible Brazilian archival material to discuss
the events during the Vargas regime which brought about a close
alliance between Brazil and the United States and resulted in
Brazil's economic, political, and military dependence on her
powerful North American ally. He shows that until 1940 the drive
for closer union came largely from Brazil, which wanted to offset
the shifting alliances of the Spanish-speaking countries and escape
from British economic domination. American interest in Brazil
increased during the 1930's as the U.S. turned to Latin America to
recoup losses in foreign trade and as Washington began to fear that
Nazism and Fascism would spread to South America. By 1940 the
nature of Brazil's relationship with the United States made it
impossible for Brazil to remain neutral. Frank McCann's analysis of
Brazil's decision to join the Allies affords a view of the
diplomatic uses of economic and military aid, which became a
feature of diplomacy in the postwar years. It also provides
insights into the military's influence on foreign policy, and into
the functioning of Vargas' Estado Novo. Originally published in
1974. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand
technology to again make available previously out-of-print books
from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press.
These editions preserve the original texts of these important books
while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions.
The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase
access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of
books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in
1905.
"Modern Brazil," a collection of original essays, views the largest
country in South America through the multiple lenses of political
science, economics, telecommunications, and religion. The editors,
Michael L. Conniff and Frank D. McCann, have provided a frame for
this analysis of a complex society by centering on the elites,
those who run national affairs, and the masses, those poor and
working-class people who have little direct influence on them.
Discussing the political elites from regional, national, and
military standpoints are, respectively, Joseph L. Love and Bert J.
Barickman, Conniff, and McCann. The economic elites, notably
businessmen and industrialists, are analyzed by Steven Topik and
Eli Diniz. The masses are considered in chapters by Eul Soo Pang,
Thomas Holloway, and Michael Hall and Marco Aurelio Garcia. Sam
Adamo views the historical situation of blacks and mulattos in
Brazil. In the final section, examining connections between the
elites and masses, Robert M. Levine writes about how the former
perceive the povo, Joseph Straubhaas looks at the mass media; and
Fred Gillette Strum ex-amines religion in Brazil. The editors have
included a general introduction, an epilogue focusing on Brazil in
the late 1980s, and a glossary.
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