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This textbook extends from the basics of femtosecond physics all
the way to some of the latest developments in the field. In this
updated edition, the chapter on laser-driven atoms is augmented by
the discussion of two-electron atoms interacting with strong and
short laser pulses, as well as by a review of ATI rings and low
energy structures in photo-electron spectra. In the chapter on
laser-driven molecules a discussion of 2D infrared spectroscopy is
incorporated. Theoretical investigations of atoms and molecules
interacting with pulsed lasers up to atomic field strengths on the
order of 10^16 W/cm(2) are leading to an understanding of many
challenging experimental discoveries. The presentation starts with
a brief introduction to pulsed laser physics. The basis for the
non-perturbative treatment of laser-matter interaction in the book
is the time-dependent Schroedinger equation. Its analytical as well
as numerical solution are laid out in some detail. The light field
is treated classically and different possible gauges for the
field-matter interaction are discussed. Physical phenomena, ranging
from paradigmatic Rabi-oscillations in two-level systems to the
ionization of atoms, the generation of high-order harmonics, the
ionization and dissociation of molecules, as well as the control of
chemical reactions are presented and discussed on a fundamental
level. In this way, the theoretical background for state of the art
experiments with strong and short laser pulses is given. The new
text is augmented by several additional exercises and now contains
a total of forty-eight problems, whose worked-out solutions are
given in the last chapter. In addition, some detailed calculations
are performed in the appendices. Furthermore, each chapter ends
with references to more specialized literature.
This textbook extends from the basics of femtosecond physics all
the way to some of the latest developments in the field. In this
updated edition, the chapter on laser-driven atoms is augmented by
the discussion of two-electron atoms interacting with strong and
short laser pulses, as well as by a review of ATI rings and low
energy structures in photo-electron spectra. In the chapter on
laser-driven molecules a discussion of 2D infrared spectroscopy is
incorporated. Theoretical investigations of atoms and molecules
interacting with pulsed lasers up to atomic field strengths on the
order of 10^16 W/cm(2) are leading to an understanding of many
challenging experimental discoveries. The presentation starts with
a brief introduction to pulsed laser physics. The basis for the
non-perturbative treatment of laser-matter interaction in the book
is the time-dependent Schroedinger equation. Its analytical as well
as numerical solution are laid out in some detail. The light field
is treated classically and different possible gauges for the
field-matter interaction are discussed. Physical phenomena, ranging
from paradigmatic Rabi-oscillations in two-level systems to the
ionization of atoms, the generation of high-order harmonics, the
ionization and dissociation of molecules, as well as the control of
chemical reactions are presented and discussed on a fundamental
level. In this way, the theoretical background for state of the art
experiments with strong and short laser pulses is given. The new
text is augmented by several additional exercises and now contains
a total of forty-eight problems, whose worked-out solutions are
given in the last chapter. In addition, some detailed calculations
are performed in the appendices. Furthermore, each chapter ends
with references to more specialized literature.
Seit dem Erscheinen des zweibandigen Standardwerkes von F. HoNCAMP,
"Handbuch der Pflanzenernahrung und Dungerlehre", sind mehr als
dreissig Jahre vergangen. Bei den sturmischen Fortschritten auf
allen Gebieten der Natur- wissenschaften, insbesondere der Chemie,
Pflanzenphysiologie, Biochemie, Bodenkunde und Technologie, ist
dieses zur Zeit seines Erscheinens so aus- gezeichnete Handbuch
naturlich langst veraltet. Zweifellos besteht heute ein dringendes
Bedurfnis nach einem ahnlichen Werk. Wenn wir von dem
ursprunglichen Plan abgekommen sind, das HoNCAMP- sche Handbuch in
neuer Auflage zu bearbeiten, so vor allem deswegen, weil die
tiefgreifende Entwicklung auf diesem Gebiet eine vollig neue
Gestaltung des Werkes geboten erscheinen liess. Es gliedert sich
nun in drei Bande. Band I behandelt im wesentlichen die
physiologischen Grundlagen der Pflanzenernahrung. Er enthalt eine
ausfuhrliche und systematische Darstellung der eigentlichen
Ernahrungsphysiologie. Auf eine Erorterung der allgemeinen
pflanzenphysiologischen Grundlagen konnte dabei verzichtet werden,
weil im RuHLANDschEin "Handbuch der Pflanzenphysiologie" ein
umfassendes und modernes Nachschlagewerk zur Verfugung steht. Band
II beschaftigt sich mit dem Boden und den Dungemitteln. Unter
Berucksichtigung der modernen Agrikulturchemie haben wir das
heutige Wissen uber den Boden als Standort und Nahrstoffquelle der
Pflanze unter den Verhalt- nissen der landwirtschaftlichen Praxis
und des Gartenbaues bzw. des Forstwesens systematisch
zusammengefasst. Die folgenden Kapitel befassen sich mit der
Beschreibung und Herstellung der verschiedenen Wirtschafts- und
Handels- dungemittel. Gerade auf diesem Gebiet bestehen in der
wissenschaftlichen Literatur erhebliche Lucken, da keine grosseren
Lehr- oder Handbucher vorhanden sind, die sich eingehender mit der
Technologie der Dungemittel und der Dungung beschaftigen.
Theoretical investigations of atoms and molecules interacting
with pulsed or continuous wave lasers up to atomic field strengths
on the order of 10 DEGREES16 W/cm are leading to an understanding
of many challenging experimental discoveries. This book deals with
the basics of femtosecond physics and goes up to the latest
applications of new phenomena. The book presents an introduction to
laser physics with mode-locking and pulsed laser operation. The
solution of the time-dependent Schrodinger equation is discussed
both analytically and numerically. The basis for the
non-perturbative treatment of laser-matter interaction in the book
is the numerical solution of the time-dependent Schrodinger
equation. The light field is treated classically, and different
possible gauges are discussed. Physical phenomena, ranging from
Rabi-oscillations in two-level systems to the ionization of atoms,
the generation of high harmonics, the ionization and dissociation
of molecules as well as the control of chemical reactions are
presented and discussed on a fundamental level. In this way the
theoretical background for state of the art experiments with strong
and short laser pulses is given. The text is augmented by more than
thirty exercises, whose worked-out solutions are given in the last
chapter. Some detailed calculations are performed in the
appendices. Furthermore, each chapter ends with references to more
specialized literature."
The development of modern pulsed lasers with power densities larger
than 16 ?2 10 Wcm and with very short pulse duration in the
femtosecond regime enables experimentalists to study elementary
processes such as chemical - actions and excitation mechanisms in
di?erent areas in physics in the time domain. In parallel to the
experimental investigations, analytical and num- ical studies of
laser-driven atoms and molecules with a limited number of degrees
of freedom are performed. These theoretical investigations have led
to the prediction and/or the explanation of a large variety of
partly count- intuitivephenomena.
Amongthosearethegenerationofhighharmonicsusing
laser-excitedatomsormolecules,
theionizationofatomsabovethecontinuum threshold, the stabilization
of atoms against ionization in very strong ?elds, counter-intuitive
pulse sequences to selectively populate vibrational states in
moleculesand, lastbutnotleast,
thecontrolofchemicalreactionsbyspecially tailored laser pulses.
This book originated from a course, that I have been giving on a
regular basis since 2000 for advanced undergraduate and graduate
students at Te- nische Universit] at Dresden. It o?ers a
theoretically oriented approach to the ?eld of laser-driven atomic
and molecular systems and requires some kno- edge of basic
classical and quantum mechanics courses as well as of classical
electrodynamics. The book has two introductory chapters in Part I
that pave the way for the applications in Part II. Part I and also
Chap. 3 of Part II contain of textbook knowledge that is needed to
understand the rest of the book. The material presented in the last
two chapters is close to the recent l- erature
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