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During the last 10 years, the role of specific nutrients in cancer
prevention and cancer treatment has been the subject of intense
basic, preclinical, and clinical research. At present, the major
focus of nutri tional oncology is on the mechanisms of
carcinogenesis and their modification by nutrients and on cancer
prevention studies in animals and humans. Some human
epidemiological studies have confirmed the hypothesis, developed on
animals, that there is an inverse relation ship between the intake
and/or level of 3-carotene, vitamin A vita min E, or vitamin C and
the risk of cancer, whereas others have shown no such relationship.
This is not unexpected, since the protective effect of individual
nutrients may be too small to be detected by epidemiological
methodologies in which a single vitamin or mineral is considered as
one variable. Conclusive evidence regarding the role of nutrients
in human cancer prevention will come from a well designed human
intervention study using one or more nutrients in a population that
has a high risk of developing cancer. The involvement of specific
nutrients in the regulation of protooncogene expression has just
begun. Also, some of the results of human intervention trials are
beginning to yield interesting results. A large number of interna
tional scientists from various disciplines, including cell biology,
mo lecular biology, nutritional oncology, epidemiology, and public
health, reviewed and discussed their most recent findings. The
following topics were emphasized: 1. Mechanisms of carcinogenesis;
2."
During the last 10 years, the role of specific nutrients in cancer
prevention and cancer treatment has been the subject of intense
basic, preclinical, and clinical research. At present, the major
focus of nutri tional oncology is on the mechanisms of
carcinogenesis and their modification by nutrients and on cancer
prevention studies in animals and humans. Some human
epidemiological studies have confirmed the hypothesis, developed on
animals, that there is an inverse relation ship between the intake
and/or level of !3-carotene, vitamin A vita min E, or vitamin C and
the risk of cancer, whereas others have shown no such relationship.
This is not unexpected, since the protective effect of individual
nutrients may be too small to be detected by epidemiological
methodologies in which a single vitamin or mineral is considered as
one variable. Conclusive evidence regarding the role of nutrients
in human cancer prevention will come from a well designed human
intervention study using one or more nutrients in a population that
has a high risk of developing cancer. The involvement of specific
nutrients in the regulation of protooncogene expression has just
begun. Also, some of the results of human intervention trials are
beginning to yield interesting results. A large number of interna
tional scientists from various disciplines, including cell biology,
mo lecular biology, nutritional oncology, epidemiology, and public
health, reviewed and discussed their most recent findings. The
following topics were emphasized: 1. Mechanisms of carcinogenesis;
2.
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