PAVI09 Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop "From Parity Violation to Hadronic Structure and more..." held in Bar Harbor, Maine, USA, 22-26 June 2009 Main topic: Parity Violation in the Electro-Weak Interactions and Other Low-Energy Tests of the Standard Model, including: Overview of the experimental program, Strangeness in the nucleon: experiment and theory, Standard Model tests, Hadronic Parity Violation, Probing two-photon exchange effects, Electro-weak radiative corrections involving hadronic structure, Technical developments, Neutrinos, beta decay and electric dipole moments. Reprinted from Hyperfine Interactions Vol. 200:1-3 and Vol. 201:1-3 .

This book contains the proceedings of the third international workshop on From Parity Violation to Hadronic Structure and More. The many applications of parity violation are way beyond the scope of what Lee and Yang could have imagined fifty years after their proposal. For the physics topics discussed during this workshop, the application of parity violation has become a standard work horse allowing for the extraction of many physics topics in different experiments.

PAVI09 Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop "From Parity Violation to Hadronic Structure and more..." held in Bar Harbor, Maine, USA, 22-26 June 2009 Main topic: Parity Violation in the Electro-Weak Interactions and Other Low-Energy Tests of the Standard Model, including: Overview of the experimental program, Strangeness in the nucleon: experiment and theory, Standard Model tests, Hadronic Parity Violation, Probing two-photon exchange effects, Electro-weak radiative corrections involving hadronic structure, Technical developments, Neutrinos, beta decay and electric dipole moments. Reprinted from Hyperfine Interactions Vol. 200:1-3 and Vol. 201:1-3 .

Almost 50 years after the proposal of Lee and Young in 1956 to test the hypothesis of parity violation in weak interactions and the subsequent experimental verification of parity violation by C. S. Wu, parity violation has today become a useful property of weak interactions. This is due to the fact that the focus nowadays has changed: parity violation in weak interactions is no more a topic of investigation but is used as a tool in many different fields ranging from nuclear physics to the search for the hidden extra dimensions requested by string theory. For our first workshop which took place June 5-8, 2002, at the Institut fiir Ke- physik of the Johannes Gutenberg-Universitat Mainz, we concentrated on the in vestigation of the strangeness contribution in the nucleon. This book contains the refereed and selected papers of the second workshop "From Parity Violation to Hadron Structure and more (Part II)," which took place June 8-11, in the Labo- toire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, in Grenoble. These papers appear in EPJAdirect, the electronic-only part of EPJA, and they are accessible without restrictions. They will also appear in printed form and can be ordered through Springer. The excellent presentations show the dramatic and steady progress in the accuracy of measured parity violating asymmetries over the last few years."

The first major reappraisal of Pierre Trudeau's controversial defence policy, The Price of Alliance uses the 1976 procurement of Leopard tanks for Canada's troops in Europe to shed light on Canada's relationship with NATO. After six years of pressure from Canada's allies, Trudeau was convinced that Canadian tanks in Europe were necessary to support foreign policy objectives, and the tanks symbolized an increased Canadian commitment to NATO. Drawing on interviews and records from Canada, NATO, the United States, and Germany, Frank Maas addresses the problems of defence policymaking within a multi-country alliance and the opportunities and difficulties of Canadian defence procurement.

The first major reappraisal of Pierre Trudeau's controversial defence policy, The Price of Alliance uses the 1976 procurement of Leopard tanks for Canada's troops in Europe to shed light on Canada's relationship with NATO. After six years of pressure from Canada's allies, Trudeau was convinced that Canadian tanks in Europe were necessary to support foreign policy objectives, and the tanks symbolized an increased Canadian commitment to NATO. Drawing on interviews and records from Canada, NATO, the United States, and Germany, Frank Maas addresses the problems of defence policymaking within a multi-country alliance and the opportunities and difficulties of Canadian defence procurement.

This book contains the proceedings of the third international workshop on a oeFrom Parity Violation to Hadronic Structure and more ...a which was held from May 16 to May 20, 2006, at the George Eliopoulos conference center on the Greek island of Milos. It is part of a series that started in Mainz in 2002 and was followed by a second workshop in Grenoble in 2004. While originally initiated by the extraction of the strangeness contribution to the electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon, the workshop series has continuously broadened the focus to the application of Parity Violation using hadronic probes and to Parity Violation experiments in atomic physics. Meanwhile there have been many exciting new proposals for using Parity Violation in other areas like in the search for new physics beyond the standard model or in exploring hadron structure. There are also close connections to the open question on the size of the two photon exchange amplitude.

Fifty years after the 1956 proposal of Lee and Yang to test the hypothesis of violation of parity symmetry in the weak interaction, the many applications of parity violation in very different experiments are way beyond the scope of what Lee and Yang could have imagined. For the physics topics discussed during this workshop, the application of parity violation has become a standard work horse that allows to extract many physics topics in different experiments.