There is a battle raging in America's institutions of higher learning: whether or not Affirmative Action measures are used in college admissions procedures. This debate has been long and contentious, yet once a student of color has been admitted to a graduate program, the battle intensifies. This book is about detecting and combating some of the invisible and visible methods of maintaining discrimination on the American college campus. The book discusses how silent cultural and institutional beliefs determine who is and is not entitled to an advanced degree. Czarny have earned their doctorate degree in a predominantly white institution. Dr. Dorsey gives the reader an historical perspective on the struggle of equality in America's educational system. Dr. Czarny gives theory-based tools and techniques in problem-solving and decision-making for students of color. This book empowers the reader by raising awareness. The reader is shown how to construct strategies to stay on track and obtain the graduate degree. The book also shows how to build and maintain safe, nurturing student-centered learning environments. A must-read for goal-oriented, ethical-minded, students of color and educational administrators