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Edited by internationally recognized authorities in the field, this
expanded and updated new edition of the bestselling Handbook,
containing many new articles, is aimed at the design and operation
of modern particle accelerators. It is intended as a vade mecum for
professional engineers and physicists engaged in these subjects.
With a collection of more than 2000 equations, 300 illustrations
and 500 graphs and tables, here one will find, in addition to
common formulae of previous compilations, hard to find, specialized
formulae, recipes and material data pooled from the lifetime
experience of many of the world's most able practioners of the art
and science of accelerators.The seven chapters include both
theoretical and practical matters as well as an extensive glossary
of accelerator types. Chapters on beam dynamics and electromagnetic
and nuclear interactions deal with linear and nonlinear single
particle and collective effects including spin motion,
beam-environment, beam-beam, beam-electron, beam-ion and intrabeam
interactions. The impedance concept and related calculations are
dealt with at length as are the instabilities with the various
interactions mentioned. A chapter on operational considerations
including discussions on the assessment and correction of orbit and
optics errors, realtime feedbacks, generation of short photon
pulses, bunch compression, tuning of normal and superconducting
linacs, energy recovery linacs, free electron lasers, cryogenic
vacuum systems, steady state microbuching , cooling, space-charge
compensation, brightness of light sources, collider luminosity
optimization and collision schemes, machine learning, multiple
frequency rf systems, fel seeding. Chapters on mechanical and
electrical considerations present material data and important
aspects of component design including heat transfer and
refrigeration. Hardware systems for particle sources, feedback
systems, confinement, including undulators, and acceleration (both
normal and superconducting) receive detailed treatment in a
sub-systems chapter, beam measurement and apparatus being treated
therein as well.A detailed name and subject index is provided
together with reliable references to the literature where the most
detailed information available on all subjects treated can be
found.
Edited by internationally recognized authorities in the field, this
expanded and updated new edition of the bestselling Handbook,
containing many new articles, is aimed at the design and operation
of modern particle accelerators. It is intended as a vade mecum for
professional engineers and physicists engaged in these subjects.
With a collection of more than 2000 equations, 300 illustrations
and 500 graphs and tables, here one will find, in addition to
common formulae of previous compilations, hard to find, specialized
formulae, recipes and material data pooled from the lifetime
experience of many of the world's most able practioners of the art
and science of accelerators.The seven chapters include both
theoretical and practical matters as well as an extensive glossary
of accelerator types. Chapters on beam dynamics and electromagnetic
and nuclear interactions deal with linear and nonlinear single
particle and collective effects including spin motion,
beam-environment, beam-beam, beam-electron, beam-ion and intrabeam
interactions. The impedance concept and related calculations are
dealt with at length as are the instabilities with the various
interactions mentioned. A chapter on operational considerations
including discussions on the assessment and correction of orbit and
optics errors, realtime feedbacks, generation of short photon
pulses, bunch compression, tuning of normal and superconducting
linacs, energy recovery linacs, free electron lasers, cryogenic
vacuum systems, steady state microbuching , cooling, space-charge
compensation, brightness of light sources, collider luminosity
optimization and collision schemes, machine learning, multiple
frequency rf systems, fel seeding. Chapters on mechanical and
electrical considerations present material data and important
aspects of component design including heat transfer and
refrigeration. Hardware systems for particle sources, feedback
systems, confinement, including undulators, and acceleration (both
normal and superconducting) receive detailed treatment in a
sub-systems chapter, beam measurement and apparatus being treated
therein as well.A detailed name and subject index is provided
together with reliable references to the literature where the most
detailed information available on all subjects treated can be
found.
This book is dedicated to a fundamental conflict in modern states:
those persons holding public office are no more than ordinary
citizens. Therefore, their activities must - as a matter of
principle - be subject to full judicial control. But at the same
time, democratically legitimated politicians need some discretion
in their decision-making. Allegations of politicians committing
criminal offences in office quickly attract a great deal of media
attention. Even politicians themselves frequently use such
allegations to discredit their political opponents. However, to
date this topic has not been fully addressed on an academic level.
This book is a first step in this direction. The individual
contributions cover topics such as: "bad" political decisions that
result in a waste of taxpayers' money corruption and conflicts of
interest in political decision-making immunities and procedural
obstacles to the effective prosecution of politicians abuse of
criminal law and criminal proceedings in the political arena
criminal liability for decisions taken in situations of state
emergency the role of criminal law in public opinion. Leading
experts examine these and other issues from a comparative
perspective.
The intent of this book is to bridge the link between experimental
obser vations and theoretical principles in accelerator physics.
The methods and concepts, taken primarily from high energy
accelerators, have for the most part already been presented in
internal reports and proceedings of accelera tor conferences, a
portion of which has appeared in refereed journals. In this book we
have tried to coherently organize this material so as to be useful
to designers and operators in the commissioning and operation of
particle accelerators. A point of emphasis has been to provide,
wherever possible, experimental data to illustrate the particular
concept under discussion. Of the data pre sented, most are
collected from presently existing or past accelerators and we
regret the problem of providing original data some of which appear
in less accessible publications - for possible omissions we
apologize. Regarding the uniformity of the text, particularly with
respect to symbol definitions, we have taken the liberty to edit
certain representations of the data while trying to maintain the
essence of the presented observations. Throughout the text we have
attempted to provide references which are readily available for the
reader."
This advanced textbook and reference is the first comprehensive and systematic review of all methods used for the measurement, correction, and control of the beam dynamics of modern particle accelerators. Based on material presented in several lectures at the US Particle Accelerator School, the text is intended for graduate students starting research or work in the field of beam physics. Relativistic beams in linear accelerators and storage rings provide the focus. After a review of linear optics, the text addresses basic and advanced techniques for beam control, plus a variety of methods for the manipulation of particle-beam properties. In each case, specific procedures are illustrated by examples from operational accelerators, e.g., CERN, DESY, SLAC, KEK, LBNL, and FNAL. The book also treats special topics such as injection and extraction methods, beam cooling, spin transport, and polarization. Problems and solutions enhance the book’s usefulness in graduate courses.
Schriftliche und mundliche Uberlieferungen von Volkern, Stammen und
Kulturen aller Erdteile erzahlen von vergangenen Feuer- und
Flutkatastrophen globalen Ausmasses. Die weltweite Verbreitung
dieser Berichte und ihre Eigenstandigkeit legen den Schluss nahe,
dass sie nicht etwa nur der Fantasie antiker Literaten entsprungen
sind, sondern auf tatsachliche Ereignisse der Vor- und
Fruhgeschichte zuruckgehen. Erzurnte Gotter, Drachen oder fliegende
Schlangenungeheuer werden in den Mythen fur die Katastrophen
verantwortlich gemacht. Sind diese dubiosen Himmelsmachte
vielleicht als Umschreibungen fur eine reale kosmische Bedrohung in
Form eines Kometen oder eines anderen ungewohnlichen Himmelskorpers
zu verstehen? Die Annahme kosmischer Katastrophen in
fruhhistorischer Zeit wirft auch ein vollig neues Licht auf die
Glaubenswelt der alten Volker und erweist sich fur das Verstandnis
dieser alten Kulturen mit ihrem Gotter- und Drachenglauben und den
damit zusammenhangenden Menschenopfern und Totungsritualen als
ausserst fruchtbar. Frank Zimmermann hat in den letzten anderthalb
Jahrzehnten zahlreiche antike Mythen und Uberlieferungen, alte
archaologische und palaontologische Grabungsberichte, aber auch
jungere Forschungsergebnisse aus Geologie, Palaoklimatologie und
Astrophysik zusammengetragen und gibt in diesem Buch erstaunliche
Antworten, nicht nur auf die obigen Frage
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