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Language standardization is an ongoing process based on the notions
of linguistic correctness and models. This manual contains
thirty-six chapters that deal with the theories of linguistic norms
and give a comprehensive up-to-date description and analysis of the
standardization processes in the Romance languages. The first
section presents the essential approaches to the concept of
linguistic norm ranging from antiquity to the present, and includes
individual chapters on the notion of linguistic norms and
correctness in classical grammar and rhetoric, in the Prague
School, in the linguistic theory of Eugenio Coseriu, in
sociolinguistics as well as in pragmatics, cognitive and discourse
linguistics. The second section focuses on the application of these
notions with respect to the Romance languages. It examines in
detail the normative grammar and the normative dictionary as the
reference tools for language codification and modernization of
those languages that have a long and well-established written
tradition, i.e. Romanian, Italian, French, Catalan, Spanish, and
Portuguese. Furthermore, the volume offers a discussion of the key
issues regarding the standardization of the 'minor' Romance
languages as well as Creoles.
In the Middle Ages, Boethiusa (TM) a oeConsolatio Philosophiaea is
one of the most influential philosophical works from Late
Antiquity. It was frequently commented on and translated. This
collected volume examines the commentaries and translations of the
famous text from a European perspective and thus paves the way for
interdisciplinary research into the medieval reception of Boethiusa
(TM) work. The volume contains chapters by linguists and literary
scholars from a variety of disciplines, together with historians
and philosophers.
In the study of modern languages at universities, philology
understood in the narrower sense of textual criticism has become
such a specialized activity that for a long time it generated only
very few methodological impulses of broader relevance to the
subjects and disciplines in which it was practised. This state of
affairs changed dramatically with the advent of the so-called 'New
Philology' in the early 90s, an approach relating textual criticism
to text theory and text history. The volume assembles the findings
of an international colloquium held at the University of Jena (19
Oct. to 21 Oct. 1995), at which linguists, literary scholars and
specialists in Romance and German Studies subjected the theories of
this 'New Philology' to a critical review, the overall objective
being to revive the dialogue between the relevant disciplines and
sub-disciplines.
Taking their bearings from the Prague School of linguistics, these
studies define 'language culture' as the efforts undertaken by
institutions and individuals to preserve or improve an existing
system of verbal communication within a language, in this case
standard Spanish. They examine the status, forms and functions of
Spanish language culture, placing it first of all within the
broader European context and pointing up the unique way in which it
combines the traditional with the innovative. In so doing, they
provide an invaluable source of knowledge regarding the
modernization processes that standard Spanish is subject to and its
status within Europe as a whole. As such the studies also represent
a touchstone for and potential dialogue with research into language
varieties, as these can only be described in the way they compare
and contrast with the architecture of standard Spanish.
Recent developments of linguistics have given innovative impulses
to historical semantics. For the Romance study of words, the time
has come to establish a dialogue between theorists and historians
of language. As far as structural semantics are integrated into
cognitive concepts of historical semantics, it remains attractive
for the lexical analysis of older language levels and relevant for
the linguistics of semantic change/change in meaning. Cognitive
models are undergoing new accentuations towards a pragmatic
historical semantics, which are open to/receptive to
language-historical questions in particular.
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