|
Showing 1 - 12 of
12 matches in All Departments
With the publication of these proceedings from the Second Drug
Discovery and Development Symposium, this forum has become the main
mechanism for bringing together the principal groups involved in
both discovering and developing new approaches to the treatment of
cancer. This Second Symposium emphasized the types of materials
being discovered and their therapeutic activity. This is especially
evident in the natural product discovery programs, where unique and
active structures are being identified. The major contributors to
the meeting were the investigators participating in the National
Cooperative (Natural Products) Drug Discovery Groups [NC(NP)DDG].
These groups reflect an association among researchers at
universities or cancer centers, pharmaceutical companies and the
National Cancer Institute. Their sources of materials are varied,
reflecting chemical inventories of pharmaceutical companies,
organic synthetic compounds from the laboratory, cytotoxics as well
as biologics and their hybrids, and natural products obtained from
plants, marine organisms and microorganisms. The models employed in
the discovery systems vary from broadly cellular based to specific
enzymes to defined cellular functions. Each of them is believed
important to the malignant state and will allow for the discovery
of compounds which will have efficacy in cancer therapy. The goal
of the participants is both to discover new anticancer agents and
to develop them as efficiently as possible into clinically useful
additions to treatment. Of importance is the fact that there are a
number of promising leads which will soon be moving into the clinic
thereby testing the effectiveness of this NC (NP) DDG approach.
The focus of the 22nd Annual Detroit Cancer Symposium was the
presentation and discussion of cytotoxic agents, with a significant
portion of the symposium including the exciting frontiers of drug
discovery being explored by the National Cooperative Drug Discovery
Groups (NCDDG) Program. The symposium brought together a large
number of investigators from government, universities and
pharmaceutical companies involved in the discovery and development
of new anticancer agents. Exciting new leads were presented and the
status of others presently under development was discussed. Of
particular significance has been the initiation of renewed efforts
in the area of natural product drug discovery, where the discovery
of new cytotoxics is very promising at the moment. A number of
major changes have occurred during the last decade in research on
drug discovery of cytotoxic agents. Critical reviews of a number of
the models and concepts underlying drug discovery represented a
continuous thread throughout the meeting, being constantly
discussed in terms of their advantages, disadvantages and
capabilities of discovering solid tumor active anticancer agents. A
recent development which is to be much applauded and which portends
to great discoveries is the new relationship formed between
Government, University of Industry. The NCDDG mechanism which
stimulates this interaction is an inexpensive manner to greatly
magnify the drug discovery and development effort nationally.
Cytotoxic Anticancer Drugs: Models and Concepts for Drug Discovery
and Development represents a forum which will become the major mode
for bringing together these three different components in the
equation to regularly discuss new results and ideas.
This year notes two major changes in the annual Detroit Cancer
Symposium. The first is our intention of selecting top ics of broad
interest to the cancer community and examining the subject from
both a basic laboratory and clinical viewpoint. In this way, the
importance of both elements of cancer research are noted and the
interplay between them emphasized. Further, we believe that
Symposia such as this act to stimulate the basic scientist and
clinician to continue their studies with the know ledge of the
impact that each has upon the other and the nec essary cooperation
required to solve the cancer problem. The second change is the
publication of this Symposium. The pre vious sixteen were not
committed to manuscript form. Given the change in format and intent
of the series, we believe that this and subsequent volumes will
make important contributions to the cancer literature. The topic of
"Biology and Therapy of Acute Leukemia" was chosen for the first
Symposium because of its historical signif icance in cancer
chemotherapy. The therapeutic rationale for human leukemia is the
result of understanding the basic tumor biology largely derived
from transplantable leukemias in exper imental animals. It is
through these models, as discussed by Dr. Fred Valeriote, that we
learned the cellular kinetics of leukemia, the antileukemic effects
of new agents and the ef fect of growth perturbation by various
chemotherapeutic agents and their combinations.
Biochemical Modulation at the present time defines an area of study
in which the intracellular metabolism of a given anti cancer agent
is modulated (usually by a noncytotoxic agent or a cytotoxic agent
at sufficiently low dosage to make it non cytotoxic) in order to
either increase the effectiveness of the particular agent against
tumor cells or decrease its cytotox icity against normal cells. The
major focus of modulation has been the agents 5-fluorouracil
(FUra), arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C), methotrexate (MTX) and a
few alkylating agents. The major thrust of the studies has been to
increase the flow of the anticancer agent along the pathway
responsible for the formation of the cytotoxic species: for
example, FUra to FUTP or ara-C to ara-CTP. While in most cases the
application of research re sults to clinical trials does not
require the subsequent exper tise of the laboratory researchers,
application of biochemical modulatory schemes to clinical protocols
necessitate a dramatic break with the past procedures. As shown in
the laboratory clinical loop below, close collaboration between the
laboratory and clinical investigator is essential. While the
laboratory REDEFINE TECHNOLOGY, TESTS OR QUESTIONS FOR FURTHER
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCE CLINICAL EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL (LABORATORY)
RESEARCH STUDIES DEFINE AND TEST APPROPRIATE SCIENTIFIC PARAMETERS
results define rationally-based regimens, it is essential that the
clinical protocols contain the requirement that clinical material
(either tumor or normal tissues) be sampled to deter mine whether
the biochemical modulation being proposed is in fact beinq
accomplished.
Over the past decade, techniques have been developed and
implemented to observe metabolism noninvasively in localized
regions of intact, living experimental animals and humans through
the use of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). At the same time,
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques developed in the 1970s
and refined in this decade have been increasingly applied as a
powerful clinical tool to probe human anatomy. Because of the
unusual metabolic and physiologic characteristics of malignant
tissues, oncology has been one of the primary focuses of the
application of both MRS and MRI. Although considerable progress has
been made in oncologic applications of magnetic resonance (MR),
further research is needed to realize the full potential of MR in
this area. Consequently, the 21st Annual Detroit Cancer Symposium
entitled "Magnetic Resonance in Experimental and Clin ical
Oncology" was organized to provide a forum for researchers in the
field to report the state of the art of MRS and MRI in oncol ogy,
to discuss future goals for MRS and MRI in oncology, and to define
the research needed to meet those goals. The major emphasis of the
symposium was on MRS due to both the recent widespread availability
of clinical MRS instrumentation and the extensive amount of animal
MRS research performed over the past half decade.
The focus of this symposium was on the present and future
capabilities of flow cytometry for both medical and biological
applications in cancer. This technology began with quite modest
instrumentation, with limited capabilities to answer biological
questions. Today, both the clinical workhorses and the powerful
multi-laser, multi-detector, sorting machinery, coupled with
sophisticated computers and storage devices and the increasing
storehouse of markers and dyes, are taking us to the limit and
beyond in finding answers to the cause and cure of cancer. In the
past, both normal hematopoietic tissue and leukemias have been the
tissue samples of choice in the application of flow cytometry, and
some of the most recent applications with these tissues are
presented here. However, the book also discusses the increasingly
sophisticated disaggregation techniques which allow investigators
the possibility to train their lasers on solid tumors. Not only can
we use flow cytometry with associated fluorescent markers to
understand the biology of cancer, but also the wide array of
existing and developing markers provides us with important
diagnostic tools in the detection of cancer early in either the
malignant or relapse process. And the field comes full circle, with
the use of the technology for gene mapping and other genetic
studies to unlock the basic malignant process.
The focus of this symposium was on the present and future
capabilities of flow cytometry for both medical and biological
applications in cancer. This technology began with quite modest
instrumentation, with limited capabilities to answer biological
questions. Today, both the clinical workhorses and the powerful
multi-laser, multi-detector, sorting machinery, coupled with
sophisticated computers and storage devices and the increasing
storehouse of markers and dyes, are taking us to the limit and
beyond in finding answers to the cause and cure of cancer. In the
past, both normal hematopoietic tissue and leukemias have been the
tissue samples of choice in the application of flow cytometry, and
some of the most recent applications with these tissues are
presented here. However, the book also discusses the increasingly
sophisticated disaggregation techniques which allow investigators
the possibility to train their lasers on solid tumors. Not only can
we use flow cytometry with associated fluorescent markers to
understand the biology of cancer, but also the wide array of
existing and developing markers provides us with important
diagnostic tools in the detection of cancer early in either the
malignant or relapse process. And the field comes full circle, with
the use of the technology for gene mapping and other genetic
studies to unlock the basic malignant process.
With the publication of these proceedings from the Second Drug
Discovery and Development Symposium, this forum has become the main
mechanism for bringing together the principal groups involved in
both discovering and developing new approaches to the treatment of
cancer. This Second Symposium emphasized the types of materials
being discovered and their therapeutic activity. This is especially
evident in the natural product discovery programs, where unique and
active structures are being identified. The major contributors to
the meeting were the investigators participating in the National
Cooperative (Natural Products) Drug Discovery Groups [NC(NP)DDG].
These groups reflect an association among researchers at
universities or cancer centers, pharmaceutical companies and the
National Cancer Institute. Their sources of materials are varied,
reflecting chemical inventories of pharmaceutical companies,
organic synthetic compounds from the laboratory, cytotoxics as well
as biologics and their hybrids, and natural products obtained from
plants, marine organisms and microorganisms. The models employed in
the discovery systems vary from broadly cellular based to specific
enzymes to defined cellular functions. Each of them is believed
important to the malignant state and will allow for the discovery
of compounds which will have efficacy in cancer therapy. The goal
of the participants is both to discover new anticancer agents and
to develop them as efficiently as possible into clinically useful
additions to treatment. Of importance is the fact that there are a
number of promising leads which will soon be moving into the clinic
thereby testing the effectiveness of this NC (NP) DDG approach.
The focus of the 22nd Annual Detroit Cancer Symposium was the
presentation and discussion of cytotoxic agents, with a significant
portion of the symposium including the exciting frontiers of drug
discovery being explored by the National Cooperative Drug Discovery
Groups (NCDDG) Program. The symposium brought together a large
number of investigators from government, universities and
pharmaceutical companies involved in the discovery and development
of new anticancer agents. Exciting new leads were presented and the
status of others presently under development was discussed. Of
particular significance has been the initiation of renewed efforts
in the area of natural product drug discovery, where the discovery
of new cytotoxics is very promising at the moment. A number of
major changes have occurred during the last decade in research on
drug discovery of cytotoxic agents. Critical reviews of a number of
the models and concepts underlying drug discovery represented a
continuous thread throughout the meeting, being constantly
discussed in terms of their advantages, disadvantages and
capabilities of discovering solid tumor active anticancer agents. A
recent development which is to be much applauded and which portends
to great discoveries is the new relationship formed between
Government, University of Industry. The NCDDG mechanism which
stimulates this interaction is an inexpensive manner to greatly
magnify the drug discovery and development effort nationally.
Cytotoxic Anticancer Drugs: Models and Concepts for Drug Discovery
and Development represents a forum which will become the major mode
for bringing together these three different components in the
equation to regularly discuss new results and ideas.
Over the past decade, techniques have been developed and
implemented to observe metabolism noninvasively in localized
regions of intact, living experimental animals and humans through
the use of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). At the same time,
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques developed in the 1970s
and refined in this decade have been increasingly applied as a
powerful clinical tool to probe human anatomy. Because of the
unusual metabolic and physiologic characteristics of malignant
tissues, oncology has been one of the primary focuses of the
application of both MRS and MRI. Although considerable progress has
been made in oncologic applications of magnetic resonance (MR),
further research is needed to realize the full potential of MR in
this area. Consequently, the 21st Annual Detroit Cancer Symposium
entitled "Magnetic Resonance in Experimental and Clin ical
Oncology" was organized to provide a forum for researchers in the
field to report the state of the art of MRS and MRI in oncol ogy,
to discuss future goals for MRS and MRI in oncology, and to define
the research needed to meet those goals. The major emphasis of the
symposium was on MRS due to both the recent widespread availability
of clinical MRS instrumentation and the extensive amount of animal
MRS research performed over the past half decade."
Biochemical Modulation at the present time defines an area of study
in which the intracellular metabolism of a given anti cancer agent
is modulated (usually by a noncytotoxic agent or a cytotoxic agent
at sufficiently low dosage to make it non cytotoxic) in order to
either increase the effectiveness of the particular agent against
tumor cells or decrease its cytotox icity against normal cells. The
major focus of modulation has been the agents 5-fluorouracil
(FUra), arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C), methotrexate (MTX) and a
few alkylating agents. The major thrust of the studies has been to
increase the flow of the anticancer agent along the pathway
responsible for the formation of the cytotoxic species: for
example, FUra to FUTP or ara-C to ara-CTP. While in most cases the
application of research re sults to clinical trials does not
require the subsequent exper tise of the laboratory researchers,
application of biochemical modulatory schemes to clinical protocols
necessitate a dramatic break with the past procedures. As shown in
the laboratory clinical loop below, close collaboration between the
laboratory and clinical investigator is essential. While the
laboratory REDEFINE TECHNOLOGY, TESTS OR QUESTIONS FOR FURTHER
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCE CLINICAL EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL (LABORATORY)
RESEARCH STUDIES DEFINE AND TEST APPROPRIATE SCIENTIFIC PARAMETERS
results define rationally-based regimens, it is essential that the
clinical protocols contain the requirement that clinical material
(either tumor or normal tissues) be sampled to deter mine whether
the biochemical modulation being proposed is in fact beinq
accomplished."
This year notes two major changes in the annual Detroit Cancer
Symposium. The first is our intention of selecting top ics of broad
interest to the cancer community and examining the subject from
both a basic laboratory and clinical viewpoint. In this way, the
importance of both elements of cancer research are noted and the
interplay between them emphasized. Further, we believe that
Symposia such as this act to stimulate the basic scientist and
clinician to continue their studies with the know ledge of the
impact that each has upon the other and the nec essary cooperation
required to solve the cancer problem. The second change is the
publication of this Symposium. The pre vious sixteen were not
committed to manuscript form. Given the change in format and intent
of the series, we believe that this and subsequent volumes will
make important contributions to the cancer literature. The topic of
"Biology and Therapy of Acute Leukemia" was chosen for the first
Symposium because of its historical signif icance in cancer
chemotherapy. The therapeutic rationale for human leukemia is the
result of understanding the basic tumor biology largely derived
from transplantable leukemias in exper imental animals. It is
through these models, as discussed by Dr. Fred Valeriote, that we
learned the cellular kinetics of leukemia, the antileukemic effects
of new agents and the ef fect of growth perturbation by various
chemotherapeutic agents and their combinations."
|
|