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The book provides a wide introduction on history, minerology,
geology, and the characteristics and application of different
natural nanotubes. It is the first comprehensive book to discuss
natural nanotubes, particularly halloysite nanotubes. The book will
be useful mainly for postgraduate students and researchers working
on the application of natural nanotubes. It will also be useful for
those companies or researchers that focus on the design of
materials and composites for sustainability. This book: * Provides
updates on the diverse and expanding applications of natural
mineral nanotubes (including halloysite, sepiolite, and
palygorskite) in various industries, and polymer nanocomposites for
medical, health, and environmental applications * Provides a
comprehensive review of the modification and intercalation of
different natural mineral nanotubes * Reviews recent studies of the
mechanical properties of halloysite nanotubes * Provides an
up-to-date background on the structure, identification, and
nomenclature of various natural mineral nanotubes, including
halloysite, palygorskite, sepiolite, chrysotile, and erionite *
Gives comprehensive global information on the mineralogy, geology,
and occurrence of natural mineral nanotubes * Discusses the current
understanding of the health risks of natural mineral nanotubes
The book provides a wide introduction on history, minerology,
geology, and the characteristics and application of different
natural nanotubes. It is the first comprehensive book to discuss
natural nanotubes, particularly halloysite nanotubes. The book will
be useful mainly for postgraduate students and researchers working
on the application of natural nanotubes. It will also be useful for
those companies or researchers that focus on the design of
materials and composites for sustainability. This book: * Provides
updates on the diverse and expanding applications of natural
mineral nanotubes (including halloysite, sepiolite, and
palygorskite) in various industries, and polymer nanocomposites for
medical, health, and environmental applications * Provides a
comprehensive review of the modification and intercalation of
different natural mineral nanotubes * Reviews recent studies of the
mechanical properties of halloysite nanotubes * Provides an
up-to-date background on the structure, identification, and
nomenclature of various natural mineral nanotubes, including
halloysite, palygorskite, sepiolite, chrysotile, and erionite *
Gives comprehensive global information on the mineralogy, geology,
and occurrence of natural mineral nanotubes * Discusses the current
understanding of the health risks of natural mineral nanotubes
As the human population grows from seven billion toward an
inevitable nine or 10 billion, the demands on the limited supply of
soils will grow and intensify. Soils are essential for the
sustenance of almost all plants and animals, including humans, but
soils are virtually infinitely variable. Clays are the most
reactive and interactive inorganic compounds in soils. Clays in
soils often differ from pure clay minerals of geological origin.
They provide a template for most of the reactive organic matter in
soils. They directly affect plant nutrients, soil temperature and
pH, aggregate sizes and strength, porosity and water-holding
capacities. This book aims to help improve predictions of important
properties of soils through a modern understanding of their highly
reactive clay minerals as they are formed and occur in soils
worldwide. It examines how clays occur in soils and the role of
soil clays in disparate applications including plant nutrition,
soil structure, and water-holding capacity, soil quality, soil
shrinkage and swelling, carbon sequestration, pollution control and
remediation, medicine, forensic investigation, and deciphering
human and environmental histories. Features: Provides information
on the conditions that lead to the formation of clay minerals in
soils Distinguishes soil clays and types of clay minerals Describes
clay mineral structures and their origins Describes occurrences and
associations of clays in soil Details roles of clays in
applications of soils Heavily illustrated with photos, diagrams,
and electron micrographs Includes user-friendly description of a
new method of identification To know soil clays is to enable their
use toward achieving improvements in the management of soils for
enhancing their performance in one or more of their three main
functions of enabling plant growth, regulating water flow to
plants, and buffering environmental changes. This book provides an
easily-read and extensively-illustrated description of the nature,
formation, identification, occurrence and associations,
measurement, reactivities, and applications of clays in soils.
As the human population grows from seven billion toward an
inevitable nine or 10 billion, the demands on the limited supply of
soils will grow and intensify. Soils are essential for the
sustenance of almost all plants and animals, including humans, but
soils are virtually infinitely variable. Clays are the most
reactive and interactive inorganic compounds in soils. Clays in
soils often differ from pure clay minerals of geological origin.
They provide a template for most of the reactive organic matter in
soils. They directly affect plant nutrients, soil temperature and
pH, aggregate sizes and strength, porosity and water-holding
capacities. This book aims to help improve predictions of important
properties of soils through a modern understanding of their highly
reactive clay minerals as they are formed and occur in soils
worldwide. It examines how clays occur in soils and the role of
soil clays in disparate applications including plant nutrition,
soil structure, and water-holding capacity, soil quality, soil
shrinkage and swelling, carbon sequestration, pollution control and
remediation, medicine, forensic investigation, and deciphering
human and environmental histories. Features: Provides information
on the conditions that lead to the formation of clay minerals in
soils Distinguishes soil clays and types of clay minerals Describes
clay mineral structures and their origins Describes occurrences and
associations of clays in soil Details roles of clays in
applications of soils Heavily illustrated with photos, diagrams,
and electron micrographs Includes user-friendly description of a
new method of identification To know soil clays is to enable their
use toward achieving improvements in the management of soils for
enhancing their performance in one or more of their three main
functions of enabling plant growth, regulating water flow to
plants, and buffering environmental changes. This book provides an
easily-read and extensively-illustrated description of the nature,
formation, identification, occurrence and associations,
measurement, reactivities, and applications of clays in soils.
The largest part of the world's food comes from its soils, either
directly from plants, or via animals fed on pastures and crops.
Thus, it is necessary to maintain, and if possible, improve the
quality-and hence good health-of soils, while enabling them to
support the growing world population. The Soil Underfoot: Infinite
Possibilities for a Finite Resource arms readers with historical
wisdom from various populations around the globe, along with
current ideas and approaches for the wise management of soils. It
covers the value of soils and their myriad uses viewed within human
and societal contexts in the past, present, and supposed futures.
In addition to addressing the technical means of maintaining soils,
this book presents a culturally and geographically diverse
collection of historical attitudes to soils, including
philosophical and ethical frameworks, which have either sustained
them or led to their degradation. Section I describes major
challenges associated with climate change, feeding the increasing
world population, chemical pollution and soil degradation, and
technology. Section II discusses various ways in which soils are,
or have been, valued-including in film and contemporary art as well
as in religious and spiritual philosophies, such as Abrahamic
religions, Maori traditions, and in Confucianism. Section III
provides stories about soil in ancient and historic cultures
including the Roman Empire, Greece, India, Japan, Korea, South
America, New Zealand, the United States, and France. Section IV
describes soil modification technologies, such as polymer membrane
barriers, and soil uses outside commercial agriculture including
the importance of soils for recreation and sports grounds. The
final section addresses future strategies for more effective
sustainable use of soils, emphasizing the biological nature of
soils and enhancing the use of "green water" retained from
rainfall.
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